TY - JOUR AB - BACKGROUND: General population, frontline healthcare workers (HCWs), and adult students in Spain are at risk of anxiety, depression, and insomnia symptoms during the COVID-19 crisis. A meta-analysis of the individual studies on these symptoms would provide systematic evidence to aid policymakers and researchers in focusing on prevalence, risk, and best interventions. OBJECTIVE: This paper aims to be the first meta-analysis and systematic review to calculate the prevalence of anxiety, depression, and insomnia symptoms in Spain's adult population (general population, frontline healthcare workers (HCWs), and adult students) during the Covid-19 epidemic. METHOD: Random-effect meta-analysis was used to estimate the prevalence of anxiety, depression, and insomnia. RESULTS: The meta-analysis includes 28 studies with 38 individual samples in Spain. The pooled prevalence of anxiety symptoms in 22 studies comprising a sample population of 82,024 was 20% (95% CI: 15-25%), that of depression symptoms in 22 articles with a total sample comprising 82,890 individuals was 22% (95% CI: 18-28%), and that of insomnia symptoms in three articles with a sample population of 745 was 57% (95% CI: 48-66%. CONCLUSIONS: The accumulative evidence reveals that adults in Spain suffered higher prevalence rates of mental symptoms during the COVID-19 crisis, with a significantly higher rate relative to other countries such as China. Our synthesis also reveals a relative lack of studies on frontline and general HCWs in Spain. AU - Zhang, SX AU - Chen, RZ AU - Xu, W AU - Yin, A AU - Dong, RK AU - Chen, BZ AU - Delios, AY AU - Miller, S AU - McIntyre, RS AU - Ye, W AU - Wan, X DA - 2022/01/17 DO - 10.3390/ijerph19021018 JO - Int J Environ Res Public Health PB - MDPI AG PY - 2022/01/17 SP - 1018 TI - A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Symptoms of Anxiety, Depression, and Insomnia in Spain in the COVID-19 Crisis. VL - 19 Y1 - 2022/01/17 Y2 - 2024/03/28 ER -