AB  - ABSTRACT: The consolidation of soft soils is a critical consideration for infrastructure stability, particularly in coastal regions where 
soft ground typically comprises multiple layers with varying properties. Creep plays a significant role in consolidation and is essential 
for accurately predicting long-term settlement in viscous soils. Accurate settlement prediction is influenced by loading patterns, soil 
stratification, and drainage boundary conditions. Despite advancements in theoretical approaches, comprehensive analytical solutions 
that integrate the effects of multilayered soil profiles and general drainage boundaries remain limited. This study presents a general 
spectral-based method for analysing the consolidation behaviour of multilayered soils under various loading patterns and drainage 
boundary conditions, including scenarios with or without prefabricated vertical drains (PVDs), impeded drainage, and time-dependent 
drainage conditions. The spectral-based solutions employ matrix operations to express the excess pore water pressure (EPWP) as 
unified solutions across multiple soil layers, effectively capturing the effects of complex boundary conditions. Based on this framework, 
a simplified Hypothesis B method is proposed to calculate long-term consolidation settlement. The proposed methods are validated 
against previous analytical solutions for special cases and field data, demonstrating their accuracy and flexibility in predicting EPWP 
dissipation and settlement. The study provides a more realistic representation of consolidation behaviour by incorporating general 
drainage conditions expressed as Robin Boundary Conditions (RBCs). The findings offer practical insights for optimizing engineering 
designs and improving settlement prediction in layered viscous soil foundations, offering a versatile and robust tool for geotechnical 
engineers to address the complexities of multilayered soil systems under diverse loading and drainage conditions.
AU  - Xu, B
AU  - Indraratna, B
AU  - Rujikiatkamjorn, C
AU  - walker, R
DA  - 2026/06/14
DO  - 10.53243/ICSMGE2026-675
JO  - 21st International Conference on Soil Mechanics and Geotechnical Engineering (Vienna)
PY  - 2026/06/14
TI  - A NOVEL MULTILAYERED SOIL CONSOLIDATION SOLUTION BASED ON THE SPECTRAL METHOD TO PREDICT LONG-TERM SETTLEMENT
Y1  - 2026/06/14
Y2  - 2026/07/01
ER  -