http://hdl.handle.net/10453/148712 2026-04-10T22:02:13Z http://hdl.handle.net/10453/117262 Title: HTLV-1 bZIP factor supports proliferation of adult T cell leukemia cells through suppression of C/EBPα signaling. Authors: Zhao, T; Coutts, A; Xu, L; Yu, J; Ohshima, K; Matsuoka, M Abstract: BACKGROUND: Human T-cell leukemia virus type 1 (HTLV-1) is an oncogenic retrovirus etiologically associated with adult T-cell leukemia (ATL). The HTLV-1 bZIP factor (HBZ), which is encoded by minus strand of provirus, is expressed in all ATL cases and supports the proliferation of ATL cells. However, the precise mechanism of growth promoting activity of HBZ is poorly understood. RESULTS: In this study, we showed that HBZ suppressed C/EBPα signaling activation induced by either Tax or C/EBPα. As mechanisms of HBZ-mediated C/EBPα inhibition, we found that HBZ physically interacted with C/EBPα and diminished its DNA binding capacity. Luciferase and immunoprecipitation assays revealed that HBZ repressed C/EBPα activation in a Smad3-dependent manner. In addition, C/EBPα was overexpressed in HTLV-1 infected cell lines and fresh ATL cases. HBZ was able to induce C/EBPα transcription by enhancing its promoter activity. Finally, HBZ selectively modulated the expression of C/EBPα target genes, leading to the impairment of C/EBPα-mediated cell growth suppression. CONCLUSION: HBZ, by suppressing C/EBPα signaling, supports the proliferation of HTLV-1 infected cells, which is thought to be critical for oncogenesis. 2013-12-21T00:00:00Z http://hdl.handle.net/10453/133424 Title: Validity and responsiveness to change of the Active Australia Survey according to gender, age, BMI, education, and physical activity level and awareness Authors: Vandelanotte, C; Duncan, MJ; Stanton, R; Rosenkranz, RR; Caperchione, CM; Rebar, AL; Savage, TN; Mummery, WK; Kolt, GS Abstract: © 2019 The Author(s). Background: This study aimed to investigate the validity of the Active Australia Survey across different subgroups and its responsiveness to change, as few previous studies have examined this. Methods: The Active Australia Survey was validated against the ActiGraph as an objective measure of physical activity. Participants (n = 465) wore the ActiGraph for 7 days and subsequently completed the Active Australia Survey. Moderate activity, vigorous activity and total moderate and vigorous physical activity were compared using Spearman rank-order correlations. Changes in physical activity between baseline and 3-month assessments were correlated to examine responsiveness to change. The data were stratified to assess outcomes according to different subgroups (e.g., gender, age, weight, activity levels). Results: With regards to the validity, a significant correlation of ρ = 0.19 was found for moderate physical activity, ρ = 0.33 for vigorous physical activity and ρ = 0.23 for moderate and vigorous physical activity combined. For vigorous physical activity correlations were higher than 0.3 for most subgroups, whereas they were only higher than 0.3 in those with a healthy weight for the other activity outcomes. With regards to responsiveness to change, a correlation of ρ = 0.32 was found for moderate physical activity, ρ = 0.19 for vigorous physical activity and ρ = 0.35 for moderate and vigorous physical activity combined. For moderate and vigorous activity combined correlations were higher than 0.4 for several subgroups, but never for vigorous physical activity. Conclusions: Little evidence for the validity of Active Australia Survey was found, although the responsiveness to change was acceptable for several subgroups. Findings from studies using the Active Australia Survey should be interpreted with caution. Trial registration: World Health Organisation Universal Trial Number: U111-1119-1755. Australian New Zealand Clinical Trials Registry, ACTRN12611000157976. Registration date: 8 March 2011. 2019-04-15T00:00:00Z http://hdl.handle.net/10453/137458 Title: Standardised measurement of physical capacity in young and middle-aged active adults with hip-related pain: Recommendations from the first International Hip-related Pain Research Network (IHiPRN) meeting, Zurich, 2018 Authors: Mosler, AB; Kemp, J; King, M; Lawrenson, PR; Semciw, A; Freke, M; Jones, DM; Casartelli, NC; Wörner, T; Ishøi, L; Ageberg, E; Diamond, LE; Hunt, MA; Di Stasi, S; Reiman, MP; Drew, M; Friedman, D; Thorborg, K; Leunig, M; Bizzini, M; Khan, KM; Crossley, KM; Agricola, R; Bloom, N; Dijkstra, HP; Griffin, D; Gojanovic, B; Harris-Hayes, M; Heerey, JJ; Hölmich, P; Impellizzeri, FM; Kassarjian, A; Warholm, KM; Mayes, S; Moksnes, H; Risberg, MA; Scholes, MJ; Serner, A; Van Klij, P; Lewis, CL Abstract: © Author(s) (or their employer(s)) 2019. Hip-related pain can significantly impact quality of life, function, work capacity, physical activity and family life. Standardised measurement methods of physical capacity of relevance to young and middle-aged active adults with hip-related pain are currently not established. The aim of this consensus paper was to provide recommendations for clinical practice and research on standardised measurement methods of physical capacity in young and middle-aged active adults with hip-related pain. Four areas of importance were identified: (1) clinical measures (range of motion, muscle strength, functional impairments), (2) laboratory-based measures (biomechanics and muscle function (muscle activity, size and adiposity)), (3) physical activity, and (4) return to sport/performance. The literature was reviewed, and a summary circulated to the working group to inform discussion at the consensus meeting. The working group developed clinical and research recommendations from the literature review, which were further discussed and modified within the working group at the consensus meeting. These recommendations were then presented to all 38 International Hip-related Pain Research Network (IHiPRN) participants for further discussion, refinement and consensus voting. Therefore, the recommendations voted on were based on a combination of current evidence and expert opinion. The consensus meeting voted on 13 recommendations, six of which were clinically orientated, and seven more research specific. We recommended that clinicians working with young and middle-aged active adults with hip-related pain assess strength using objective methods of measurement, and clinically assess performance of functional tasks, including walking and running. Physical activity should be quantified using both self-reported and objective measures, and patient expectations of recovery should be quantified prior to treatment. It was recommended that return to physical activity (including sport and occupation) be quantified, and sport-specific activities should be assessed prior to return to sport. The IHiPRN participants were uncertain regarding recommendations for range of motion assessment. Research recommendations were that the measurement properties of range of motion, strength and functional performance tests be investigated, reported and improved in both clinical and research settings. Reporting of movement-related parameters (biomechanics and muscle function) should be standardised and the relationship among movement-related parameters, symptoms, function, quality of life, and intra-articular and imaging findings should be investigated. Quantification of return to physical activity (including sport and occupational demands) is required in future research, and the return to sport continuum should be used. Future research is required to determine the best criteria for rehabilitation progression and return to physical activity following hip-related pain management. 2019-01-01T00:00:00Z http://hdl.handle.net/10453/138285 Title: A comparison of the perceptual and technical demands of tennis training, simulated match play, and competitive tournaments Authors: Murphy, AP; Duffield, R; Kellett, A; Reid, M Abstract: © 2016 Human Kinetics, Inc. Purpose: High-performance tennis environments aim to prepare athletes for competitive demands through simulated-match scenarios and drills. With a dearth of direct comparisons between training and tournament demands, the current investigation compared the perceptual and technical characteristics of training drills, simulated match play, and tournament matches. Methods: Data were collected from 18 high-performance junior tennis players (gender: 10 male, 8 female; age 16 ± 1.1 y) during 6 ± 2 drill-based training sessions, 5 ± 2 simulated match-play sessions, and 5 ± 3 tournament matches from each participant. Tournament matches were further distinguished by win or loss and against seeded or nonseeded opponents. Notational analysis of stroke and error rates, winners, and serves, along with rating of perceived physical exertion (RPE) and mental exertion was measured postsession. Results: Repeated-measures analyses of variance and effect-size analysis revealed that training sessions were significantly shorter in duration than tournament matches (P <.05, d = 1.18). RPEs during training and simulated matchplay sessions were lower than in tournaments (P >.05; d = 1.26, d = 1.05, respectively). Mental exertion in training was lower than in both simulated match play and tournaments (P >.05; d = 1.10, d = 0.86, respectively). Stroke rates during tournaments exceeded those observed in training (P <.05, d = 3.41) and simulated-match-play (P <.05, d = 1.22) sessions. Furthermore, the serve was used more during tournaments than simulated match play (P <.05, d = 4.28), while errors and winners were similar independent of setting (P >.05, d < 0.80). Conclusions: Training in the form of drills or simulated match play appeared to inadequately replicate tournament demands in this cohort of players. Coaches should be mindful of match demands to best prescribe sessions of relevant duration, as well as internal (RPE) and technical (stroke rate) load, to aid tournament preparation. 2016-01-01T00:00:00Z