http://hdl.handle.net/10453/35361 2026-04-21T15:05:15Z http://hdl.handle.net/10453/193471 Title: What are youth refuge practice models and how effective are they in improving outcomes for youth experiencing homelessness? A systematic narrative review Authors: Jaman, A; Corrales, T; Green, R; Galvin, E; Savaglio, M; Edmanson, C; Skouteris, H Abstract: Youth homelessness is a global problem. Preventing youth homelessness has many individual and societal benefits. Internationally, a key response to youth homelessness is the provision of a standard youth refuge model which includes short-term accommodation staffed by support workers who provide case management and referrals, with other varying health, hygiene and crisis services attached. However, it is unclear what is offered within these settings, and whether youth refuge improves any outcomes for youth experiencing homelessness. Homelessness services have also been increasingly encouraged to embed trauma-informed or psychologically informed practice models into service delivery. Like broader evaluations of the standard model, little is currently known about the extent to which these practice models are being implemented, how they are implemented, and whether they improve outcomes beyond standard models. Therefore, this systematic narrative review aimed to: (1) identify what services youth refuges provide, and which practice models are used; and (2) examine how effective youth refuge practice models are in improving health, behavioural, psychosocial, and/or housing outcomes for youth experiencing homelessness. Database and grey literature searches identified ten articles to be included. Seven articles evaluated a standard refuge model, two included strengths-based practice models, and one included an empowerment philosophy. No practice model offered evidence of its efficacy above what was offered by the standard refuge model, and limited detail about implementation of any model was found. Two cohorts emerged within refuge: (1) a younger cohort who could reconcile with family with therapeutic intervention; and (2) an older cohort who needed other options. Generally, results demonstrated short- to medium-term improvements in all health, wellbeing, and housing outcomes, with most gains reported in vocational status and improved family relations. Housing stability was a key contributing factor for outcome achievement. Most studies were of low methodological quality hence more rigorous, standardised, mixed-methods research is needed before conclusions about the efficacy of youth refuge and any practice models can be made. 2025-10-01T00:00:00Z http://hdl.handle.net/10453/192734 Title: Letter to the editor. Authors: Morton, L 1979-01-01T00:00:00Z http://hdl.handle.net/10453/192701 Title: Telomere bacteriophages are widespread and equip their bacterial hosts with potent interbacterial weapons. Authors: Byers, SMH; Rocker, A; Nguyen, TNT; Rosas, NC; Taiaroa, G; Tan, KS; Li, Y; Wilksch, JJ; Steele, JR; Schittenhelm, RB; Dunstan, RA; Short, FL; Lithgow, T Abstract: Bacteriophages (phages) are viruses that can kill bacteria, thereby editing and shaping microbial communities. The telomere phages are a curious form using telomere-like structures to replicate their genomes as linear extrachromosomal elements. Here, we find that telomere phages are widely distributed in bacteria, being highly prevalent in Klebsiella species. We establish a model system to investigate telomere phage biology by isolating the virions of telomere phages and infecting naïve strains to create isogenic lines with and without a phage. We find that only a small set of telomere phage proteins is expressed in phage-host cells, including a toxin-the telocin-that kills other Klebsiella strains. We identify and validate a set of telocins in the genomes of other prevalent Klebsiella telomere phages. Thus, telomere phages are widespread elements encoding diverse antibacterial weapons and we discuss the prospect of using telocins for precision editing of microbial populations. 2025-05-02T00:00:00Z http://hdl.handle.net/10453/192696 Title: Sex-Specific Markers of Neuroinflammation and Neurodegeneration in the Spinal Cord Proteome of the SOD1G93A Mouse Model of Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis. Authors: Koehn, LM; Steele, JR; Schittenhelm, RB; Nicolazzo, JA Abstract: Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is a progressive neurodegenerative disorder that has no cure. The underlying mechanistic details of sex differences in the ALS spinal cord, the site of disease onset, are not understood to an extent that could guide novel drug development. To address this, the spinal cords of 120-day-old wild-type (WT) and SOD1G93A (familial mouse model of ALS with mutant superoxide dismutase 1) mice were subjected to untargeted, quantitative proteomics using tandem mass tag acquisition on high-resolution mass spectrometric instrumentation. Compared to WT, both male and female SOD1G93A spinal cords exhibited an upregulation of neuroinflammatory cascades of both peripheral and central origins, as well as a downregulation of proteins reflective of death and dysfunction of cells within the spinal cord. However, female and male SOD1G93A mouse spinal cords exhibited sex-specific differences in proteins compared to respective WT that related to immune response, as well as cellular structure, function, and homeostasis. The proteomic datasets presented provide entire cohort and sex-specific spinal cord drug targets and disease biomarkers in the SOD1G93A mouse model of ALS that may guide future drug development and sex selection in preclinical study designs utilizing the SOD1G93A model. 2025-04-04T00:00:00Z