Nanosized tin microencapsulated graphite as the anode in lithium-ion cells
- Publication Type:
- Conference Proceeding
- Citation:
- Journal of Metastable and Nanocrystalline Materials, 2003, 15-16 pp. 739 - 744
- Issue Date:
- 2003-01-01
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Microencapsulating nanosized Sn particles in graphite developed a series of new anode composite materials for lithium-ion batteries. The nanosized Sn particles are homogeneously dispersed in graphite matrix via in situ chemical reduction. The tin-graphite composite showed a great improvement in lithium storage capacity. Since Sn is an active element to lithium, Sn can react with lithium to form Li4.4Sn alloys, with an accompanying 400% volume increase. The ductile graphite matrix provides a perfect buffer layer to absorb such volume expansion. Therefore, the integrity of the composite electrode is preserved during lithium insertion and extraction. The reaction process of lithium insertion and extraction into the graphite structure, and lithium alloying with tin has been identified by cyclic voltammetry measurement. The new tin-graphite composites provide a new type of anode materials for lithium-ion batteries with increased capacity.
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