Oceanic protists with different forms of acquired phototrophy display contrasting biogeographies and abundance

Leles, SG; Mitra, A; Flynn, KJ; Stoecker, DK; Hansen, PJ; Calbet, A; McManus, GB; Sanders, RW; Caron, DA; Not, F; Hallegraeff, GM; Pitta, P; Raven, JA; Johnson, MD; Glibert, PM; Våge, S

Oceanic protists with different forms of acquired phototrophy display contrasting biogeographies and abundance

Leles, SG Mitra, A Flynn, KJ Stoecker, DK Hansen, PJ Calbet, A McManus, GB Sanders, RW Caron, DA Not, F Hallegraeff, GM Pitta, P Raven, JA

Johnson, MD Glibert, PM Våge, S

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Publication Type:: Journal Article
Citation:: Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences, 2017, 284 (1860)
Issue Date:: 2017-08-16

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Field	Value	Language
dc.contributor.author	Leles, SG	en_US
dc.contributor.author	Mitra, A	en_US
dc.contributor.author	Flynn, KJ	en_US
dc.contributor.author	Stoecker, DK	en_US
dc.contributor.author	Hansen, PJ	en_US
dc.contributor.author	Calbet, A	en_US
dc.contributor.author	McManus, GB	en_US
dc.contributor.author	Sanders, RW	en_US
dc.contributor.author	Caron, DA	en_US
dc.contributor.author	Not, F	en_US
dc.contributor.author	Hallegraeff, GM	en_US
dc.contributor.author	Pitta, P	en_US
dc.contributor.author	Raven, JA https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2789-3297	en_US
dc.contributor.author	Johnson, MD	en_US
dc.contributor.author	Glibert, PM	en_US
dc.contributor.author	Våge, S	en_US
dc.date.available	2017-06-28	en_US
dc.date.issued	2017-08-16	en_US
dc.identifier.citation	Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences, 2017, 284 (1860)	en_US
dc.identifier.issn	0962-8452	en_US
dc.identifier.uri	http://hdl.handle.net/10453/127562
dc.description.abstract	© 2017 The Author(s) Published by the Royal Society. All rights reserved. This first comprehensive analysis of the global biogeography of marine proti-stan plankton with acquired phototrophy shows these mixotrophic organisms to be ubiquitous and abundant; however, their biogeography differs markedly between different functional groups. These mixotrophs, lacking a constitutive capacity for photosynthesis (i.e. non-constitutive mixotrophs, NCMs), acquire their phototrophic potential through either integration of prey-plastids or through endosymbiotic associations with photosynthetic microbes. Analysis of field data reveals that 40–60% of plankton traditionally labelled as (non-phototrophic) microzooplankton are actually NCMs, employing acquired phototrophy in addition to phagotrophy. Specialist NCMs acquire chloroplasts or endosymbionts from specific prey, while generalist NCMs obtain chloroplasts from a variety of prey. These contrasting functional types of NCMs exhibit distinct seasonal and spatial global distribution patterns. Mixotrophs reliant on ‘stolen’ chloroplasts, controlled by prey diversity and abundance, dominate in high-biomass areas. Mixotrophs harbouring intact symbionts are present in all waters and dominate particularly in oligotrophic open ocean systems. The contrasting temporal and spatial patterns of distribution of different mixotroph functional types across the oceanic provinces, as revealed in this study, challenges traditional interpretations of marine food web structures. Mixotrophs with acquired phototrophy (NCMs) warrant greater recognition in marine research.	en_US
dc.relation.ispartof	Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences	en_US
dc.relation.isbasedon	10.1098/rspb.2017.0664	en_US
dc.subject.mesh	Chloroplasts	en_US
dc.subject.mesh	Plankton	en_US
dc.subject.mesh	Food Chain	en_US
dc.subject.mesh	Symbiosis	en_US
dc.subject.mesh	Oceans and Seas	en_US
dc.subject.mesh	Phototrophic Processes	en_US
dc.subject.mesh	Eukaryota	en_US
dc.subject.mesh	Spatio-Temporal Analysis	en_US
dc.title	Oceanic protists with different forms of acquired phototrophy display contrasting biogeographies and abundance	en_US
dc.type	Journal Article
utslib.citation.volume	1860	en_US
utslib.citation.volume	284	en_US
utslib.for	0601 Biochemistry and Cell Biology	en_US
utslib.for	06 Biological Sciences	en_US
utslib.for	07 Agricultural and Veterinary Sciences	en_US
utslib.for	11 Medical and Health Sciences	en_US
pubs.embargo.period	Not known	en_US
pubs.organisational-group	/University of Technology Sydney
pubs.organisational-group	/University of Technology Sydney/Faculty of Science
utslib.copyright.status	closed_access
pubs.issue	1860	en_US
pubs.publication-status	Published	en_US
pubs.volume	284	en_US

Abstract:

© 2017 The Author(s) Published by the Royal Society. All rights reserved. This first comprehensive analysis of the global biogeography of marine proti-stan plankton with acquired phototrophy shows these mixotrophic organisms to be ubiquitous and abundant; however, their biogeography differs markedly between different functional groups. These mixotrophs, lacking a constitutive capacity for photosynthesis (i.e. non-constitutive mixotrophs, NCMs), acquire their phototrophic potential through either integration of prey-plastids or through endosymbiotic associations with photosynthetic microbes. Analysis of field data reveals that 40–60% of plankton traditionally labelled as (non-phototrophic) microzooplankton are actually NCMs, employing acquired phototrophy in addition to phagotrophy. Specialist NCMs acquire chloroplasts or endosymbionts from specific prey, while generalist NCMs obtain chloroplasts from a variety of prey. These contrasting functional types of NCMs exhibit distinct seasonal and spatial global distribution patterns. Mixotrophs reliant on ‘stolen’ chloroplasts, controlled by prey diversity and abundance, dominate in high-biomass areas. Mixotrophs harbouring intact symbionts are present in all waters and dominate particularly in oligotrophic open ocean systems. The contrasting temporal and spatial patterns of distribution of different mixotroph functional types across the oceanic provinces, as revealed in this study, challenges traditional interpretations of marine food web structures. Mixotrophs with acquired phototrophy (NCMs) warrant greater recognition in marine research.

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http://hdl.handle.net/10453/127562