Synergistic Effects of Danshen (Salvia Miltiorrhiza Radix et Rhizoma) and Sanqi (Notoginseng Radix et Rhizoma) Combination in Inhibiting Inflammation Mediators in RAW264.7 Cells

Zhou, X; Razmovski-Naumovski, V; Chang, D; Li, C; Kam, A; Low, M; Bensoussan, A; Chan, K

Synergistic Effects of Danshen (Salvia Miltiorrhiza Radix et Rhizoma) and Sanqi (Notoginseng Radix et Rhizoma) Combination in Inhibiting Inflammation Mediators in RAW264.7 Cells

Zhou, X Razmovski-Naumovski, V Chang, D Li, C Kam, A Low, M Bensoussan, A Chan, K

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Publication Type:: Journal Article
Citation:: BioMed Research International, 2016, 2016
Issue Date:: 2016-01-01

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Field	Value	Language
dc.contributor.author	Zhou, X	en_US
dc.contributor.author	Razmovski-Naumovski, V	en_US
dc.contributor.author	Chang, D	en_US
dc.contributor.author	Li, C	en_US
dc.contributor.author	Kam, A	en_US
dc.contributor.author	Low, M	en_US
dc.contributor.author	Bensoussan, A	en_US
dc.contributor.author	Chan, K	en_US
dc.date.available	2016-09-21	en_US
dc.date.issued	2016-01-01	en_US
dc.identifier.citation	BioMed Research International, 2016, 2016	en_US
dc.identifier.issn	2314-6133	en_US
dc.identifier.uri	http://hdl.handle.net/10453/103179
dc.description.abstract	© 2016 Xian Zhou et al. Aims. This study aims to investigate the possible synergistic interactions of the Danshen-Sanqi combination on vascular disease via their anti-inflammatory activities. Methods. Nine combination ratios of Danshen-Sanqi extracts were screened in the RAW264.7 cell line and their anti-inflammatory effects were examined in lipopolysaccharide-(LPS-) induced nitric oxide (NO), tumor necrosis factor (TNF), and monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1) generation pathways. The interaction between Danshen and Sanqi on each target was analysed using combination index (CI) and isobologram models. Additionally, the anti-inflammatory activities of key bioactive compounds from Danshen and Sanqi were tested using the same models. The compounds from each herb that exerted the most potent activity were combined to evaluate their possible synergistic/antagonistic interactions. Results. Danshen-Sanqi 8: 2 was found to be the optimal ratio and exerted a synergistic effect in inhibiting NO, TNF, and MCP-1 when the concentrations were higher than 1.24, 1.89, and 2.17 mg/mL, respectively. Although dihydrotanshinone I (DT) and ginsenoside Rd (Rd) from Danshen and Sanqi, respectively, exhibited the greatest individual bioactivity in the assays, antagonistic effects were observed for the DT-Rd combination 7: 3. Conclusion. This study provided scientific evidence to support the traditional use of the Danshen-Sanqi combination for vascular disease through their synergistic interactions on anti-inflammatory pathways.	en_US
dc.relation.ispartof	BioMed Research International	en_US
dc.relation.isbasedon	10.1155/2016/5758195	en_US
dc.subject.mesh	Animals	en_US
dc.subject.mesh	Mice	en_US
dc.subject.mesh	Salvia miltiorrhiza	en_US
dc.subject.mesh	Inflammation Mediators	en_US
dc.subject.mesh	Drugs, Chinese Herbal	en_US
dc.subject.mesh	Immunologic Factors	en_US
dc.subject.mesh	Cytokines	en_US
dc.subject.mesh	Drug Combinations	en_US
dc.subject.mesh	Treatment Outcome	en_US
dc.subject.mesh	Dose-Response Relationship, Drug	en_US
dc.subject.mesh	Drug Synergism	en_US
dc.subject.mesh	Immunity, Innate	en_US
dc.subject.mesh	RAW 264.7 Cells	en_US
dc.title	Synergistic Effects of Danshen (Salvia Miltiorrhiza Radix et Rhizoma) and Sanqi (Notoginseng Radix et Rhizoma) Combination in Inhibiting Inflammation Mediators in RAW264.7 Cells	en_US
dc.type	Journal Article
utslib.citation.volume	2016	en_US
utslib.for	06 Biological Sciences	en_US
utslib.for	08 Information and Computing Sciences	en_US
utslib.for	10 Technology	en_US
pubs.embargo.period	Not known	en_US
pubs.organisational-group	/University of Technology Sydney
pubs.organisational-group	/University of Technology Sydney/Faculty of Arts and Social Sciences
pubs.organisational-group	/University of Technology Sydney/Students
utslib.copyright.status	open_access
pubs.publication-status	Published	en_US
pubs.volume	2016	en_US

Abstract:

© 2016 Xian Zhou et al. Aims. This study aims to investigate the possible synergistic interactions of the Danshen-Sanqi combination on vascular disease via their anti-inflammatory activities. Methods. Nine combination ratios of Danshen-Sanqi extracts were screened in the RAW264.7 cell line and their anti-inflammatory effects were examined in lipopolysaccharide-(LPS-) induced nitric oxide (NO), tumor necrosis factor (TNF), and monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1) generation pathways. The interaction between Danshen and Sanqi on each target was analysed using combination index (CI) and isobologram models. Additionally, the anti-inflammatory activities of key bioactive compounds from Danshen and Sanqi were tested using the same models. The compounds from each herb that exerted the most potent activity were combined to evaluate their possible synergistic/antagonistic interactions. Results. Danshen-Sanqi 8: 2 was found to be the optimal ratio and exerted a synergistic effect in inhibiting NO, TNF, and MCP-1 when the concentrations were higher than 1.24, 1.89, and 2.17 mg/mL, respectively. Although dihydrotanshinone I (DT) and ginsenoside Rd (Rd) from Danshen and Sanqi, respectively, exhibited the greatest individual bioactivity in the assays, antagonistic effects were observed for the DT-Rd combination 7: 3. Conclusion. This study provided scientific evidence to support the traditional use of the Danshen-Sanqi combination for vascular disease through their synergistic interactions on anti-inflammatory pathways.

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http://hdl.handle.net/10453/103179