Applying an electric field in a built-in zero valent iron - Anaerobic reactor for enhancement of sludge granulation

Liu, Y; Zhang, Y; Quan, X; Chen, S; Zhao, H

Applying an electric field in a built-in zero valent iron - Anaerobic reactor for enhancement of sludge granulation

Liu, Y

Zhang, Y Quan, X Chen, S Zhao, H

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Publication Type:: Journal Article
Citation:: Water Research, 2011, 45 (3), pp. 1258 - 1266
Issue Date:: 2011-01-01

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Field	Value	Language
dc.contributor.author	Liu, Y https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6677-7961	en_US
dc.contributor.author	Zhang, Y	en_US
dc.contributor.author	Quan, X	en_US
dc.contributor.author	Chen, S	en_US
dc.contributor.author	Zhao, H	en_US
dc.date.available	2010-10-02	en_US
dc.date.issued	2011-01-01	en_US
dc.identifier.citation	Water Research, 2011, 45 (3), pp. 1258 - 1266	en_US
dc.identifier.issn	0043-1354	en_US
dc.identifier.uri	http://hdl.handle.net/10453/116061
dc.description.abstract	A zero valent iron (ZVI) bed with a pair of electrodes was installed in an upflow anaerobic sludge blanket (UASB) reactor to create an enhanced condition to increase the rate of anaerobic granulation. The effects of an electric field and ZVI on granulation were investigated in three UASB reactors operated in parallel: an electric field enhanced ZVI-UASB reactor (reactor R1), a ZVI-UASB reactor (reactor R2) and a common UASB reactor (reactor R3). When a voltage of 1.4 V was supplied to reactor R1, COD removal dramatically increased from 60.3% to 90.7% over the following four days, while the mean granule size rapidly grew from 151.4 μm to 695.1 μm over the following 38 days. Comparatively, COD removal was lower and the increase in granule size was slower in the other two reactors (in the order: R1 > R2 > R3). The electric field caused the ZVI to more effectively buffer acidity and maintain a relatively low oxidation-reduction potential in the reactor. In addition, the electric field resulted in a significant increase in ferrous ion leaching and extracellular polymeric substances (EPS) production. These changes benefited methanogenesis and granulation. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) images showed that different microorganisms were dominant in the external and internal layers of the reactor R1 granules. Additionally, fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) analysis indicated that the relative abundance of methanogens in reactor R1 was significantly greater than in the other two reactors. Taken together, these results suggested that the use of ZVI combined with an electric field in an UASB reactor could effectively enhance the sludge granulation. © 2010.	en_US
dc.relation.ispartof	Water Research	en_US
dc.relation.isbasedon	10.1016/j.watres.2010.10.002	en_US
dc.subject.classification	Environmental Engineering	en_US
dc.subject.mesh	Microscopy, Electron, Scanning	en_US
dc.subject.mesh	In Situ Hybridization	en_US
dc.subject.mesh	Electricity	en_US
dc.subject.mesh	Sewage	en_US
dc.subject.mesh	Waste Disposal, Fluid	en_US
dc.subject.mesh	Anaerobiosis	en_US
dc.title	Applying an electric field in a built-in zero valent iron - Anaerobic reactor for enhancement of sludge granulation	en_US
dc.type	Journal Article
utslib.citation.volume	3	en_US
utslib.citation.volume	45	en_US
utslib.for	090404 Membrane and Separation Technologies	en_US
utslib.for	0907 Environmental Engineering	en_US
pubs.embargo.period	Not known	en_US
pubs.organisational-group	/University of Technology Sydney
pubs.organisational-group	/University of Technology Sydney/Faculty of Engineering and Information Technology
pubs.organisational-group	/University of Technology Sydney/Faculty of Engineering and Information Technology/School of Civil and Environmental Engineering
pubs.organisational-group	/University of Technology Sydney/Strength - CTWW - Centre for Technology in Water and Wastewater Treatment
utslib.copyright.status	closed_access
pubs.declined	2017-08-31T14:20:56.506+1000
pubs.issue	3	en_US
pubs.publication-status	Published	en_US
pubs.volume	45	en_US

Abstract:

A zero valent iron (ZVI) bed with a pair of electrodes was installed in an upflow anaerobic sludge blanket (UASB) reactor to create an enhanced condition to increase the rate of anaerobic granulation. The effects of an electric field and ZVI on granulation were investigated in three UASB reactors operated in parallel: an electric field enhanced ZVI-UASB reactor (reactor R1), a ZVI-UASB reactor (reactor R2) and a common UASB reactor (reactor R3). When a voltage of 1.4 V was supplied to reactor R1, COD removal dramatically increased from 60.3% to 90.7% over the following four days, while the mean granule size rapidly grew from 151.4 μm to 695.1 μm over the following 38 days. Comparatively, COD removal was lower and the increase in granule size was slower in the other two reactors (in the order: R1 > R2 > R3). The electric field caused the ZVI to more effectively buffer acidity and maintain a relatively low oxidation-reduction potential in the reactor. In addition, the electric field resulted in a significant increase in ferrous ion leaching and extracellular polymeric substances (EPS) production. These changes benefited methanogenesis and granulation. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) images showed that different microorganisms were dominant in the external and internal layers of the reactor R1 granules. Additionally, fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) analysis indicated that the relative abundance of methanogens in reactor R1 was significantly greater than in the other two reactors. Taken together, these results suggested that the use of ZVI combined with an electric field in an UASB reactor could effectively enhance the sludge granulation. © 2010.

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