Towards a neurophysiological mechanisms-based classification of adverse reactions to acupuncture

McDowell, JM; Johnson, GM; Bradnam, LV

Towards a neurophysiological mechanisms-based classification of adverse reactions to acupuncture

McDowell, JM Johnson, GM Bradnam, LV

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Publication Type:: Journal Article
Citation:: Physical Therapy Reviews, 2011, 16 (2), pp. 118 - 125
Issue Date:: 2011-04-01

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Field	Value	Language
dc.contributor.author	McDowell, JM	en_US
dc.contributor.author	Johnson, GM	en_US
dc.contributor.author	Bradnam, LV https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3067-0326	en_US
dc.date.issued	2011-04-01	en_US
dc.identifier.citation	Physical Therapy Reviews, 2011, 16 (2), pp. 118 - 125	en_US
dc.identifier.issn	1083-3196	en_US
dc.identifier.uri	http://hdl.handle.net/10453/116862
dc.description.abstract	© 2011, © W. S. Maney & Son Ltd 2011. Background: The use of acupuncture to treat dysfunction and disease and its integration into western medicine continues, as the scientific basis of acupuncture is becoming better understood. While acupuncture is considered a safe therapeutic intervention when given by appropriately trained practitioners, adverse reactions can occur even in the hands of an experienced acupuncturist. There has been little attempt to standardize nomenclature or to classify adverse reactions to acupuncture (ARAs). Objectives: To review the physiological effects of acupuncture and their contribution to commonly reported ARA and to propose a conceptual framework for ARAs according to their likely neurophysiological mechanisms. Major findings: A three-tiered framework for the classification of ARAs is presented in line with current definitions of drug adverse reactions. Many ARAs reported in the current literature fit with the first and second levels of the framework. This clearly demonstrates an important safety distinction between an ARA and negative outcomes due to practitioner error. The third level of ARA, type A or type B can be used to categorize the majority of ARAs. Conclusion: The classification of ARAs based on their neurophysiology may lead to clearer definitions, improved terminology usage, ARA identification, and reporting if adopted by clinicians. A western conceptual framework is proposed for the classification of common ARAs in keeping with the codifications established with drug adverse reaction reporting.	en_US
dc.relation.ispartof	Physical Therapy Reviews	en_US
dc.relation.isbasedon	10.1179/1743288X11Y.0000000008	en_US
dc.title	Towards a neurophysiological mechanisms-based classification of adverse reactions to acupuncture	en_US
dc.type	Journal Article
utslib.citation.volume	2	en_US
utslib.citation.volume	16	en_US
utslib.for	1103 Clinical Sciences	en_US
utslib.for	1106 Human Movement and Sports Sciences	en_US
pubs.embargo.period	Not known	en_US
pubs.organisational-group	/University of Technology Sydney
pubs.organisational-group	/University of Technology Sydney/Graduate School of Health
pubs.organisational-group	/University of Technology Sydney/Strength - CHT - Health Technologies
utslib.copyright.status	closed_access
pubs.issue	2	en_US
pubs.publication-status	Published	en_US
pubs.volume	16	en_US

Abstract:

© 2011, © W. S. Maney & Son Ltd 2011. Background: The use of acupuncture to treat dysfunction and disease and its integration into western medicine continues, as the scientific basis of acupuncture is becoming better understood. While acupuncture is considered a safe therapeutic intervention when given by appropriately trained practitioners, adverse reactions can occur even in the hands of an experienced acupuncturist. There has been little attempt to standardize nomenclature or to classify adverse reactions to acupuncture (ARAs). Objectives: To review the physiological effects of acupuncture and their contribution to commonly reported ARA and to propose a conceptual framework for ARAs according to their likely neurophysiological mechanisms. Major findings: A three-tiered framework for the classification of ARAs is presented in line with current definitions of drug adverse reactions. Many ARAs reported in the current literature fit with the first and second levels of the framework. This clearly demonstrates an important safety distinction between an ARA and negative outcomes due to practitioner error. The third level of ARA, type A or type B can be used to categorize the majority of ARAs. Conclusion: The classification of ARAs based on their neurophysiology may lead to clearer definitions, improved terminology usage, ARA identification, and reporting if adopted by clinicians. A western conceptual framework is proposed for the classification of common ARAs in keeping with the codifications established with drug adverse reaction reporting.

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http://hdl.handle.net/10453/116862