Patients' expectations of the role of the community pharmacist: Development and testing of a conceptual model

Sabater-Galindo, M; Ruiz de Maya, S; Benrimoj, SI; Gastelurrutia, MA; Martínez-Martínez, F; Sabater-Hernández, D

Patients' expectations of the role of the community pharmacist: Development and testing of a conceptual model

Sabater-Galindo, M Ruiz de Maya, S Benrimoj, SI

Gastelurrutia, MA Martínez-Martínez, F Sabater-Hernández, D

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Publication Type:: Journal Article
Citation:: Research in Social and Administrative Pharmacy, 2017, 13 (2), pp. 313 - 320
Issue Date:: 2017-03-01

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Field	Value	Language
dc.contributor.author	Sabater-Galindo, M	en_US
dc.contributor.author	Ruiz de Maya, S	en_US
dc.contributor.author	Benrimoj, SI https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9768-7838	en_US
dc.contributor.author	Gastelurrutia, MA	en_US
dc.contributor.author	Martínez-Martínez, F	en_US
dc.contributor.author	Sabater-Hernández, D https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7419-8740	en_US
dc.date.available	2016-04-01	en_US
dc.date.issued	2017-03-01	en_US
dc.identifier.citation	Research in Social and Administrative Pharmacy, 2017, 13 (2), pp. 313 - 320	en_US
dc.identifier.issn	1551-7411	en_US
dc.identifier.uri	http://hdl.handle.net/10453/125142
dc.description.abstract	© 2016 Elsevier Inc. Background The roles of community pharmacists are evolving to include provision of expanded professional pharmacy services, thus leading to an increased interest in pharmacist–patient interactions. Role theory can be used to explain the interaction between this pair of individuals, by focusing on the roles performed by each one. Objective To develop and test a model that relates patients' image of the pharmacist to their expectations of pharmacist's role, and how this then influences patients' reactions toward the pharmacist's role. Methods A qualitative study was undertaken, and a questionnaire was created for the development of the model, based on role theory. The content, dimensions, validity and reliability of the questionnaire were pre-tested qualitatively and in a pilot mail survey. The reliability and validity of the proposed model were tested using confirmatory factor analysis (CFA). Structural equation modelling (SEM) was used to explain relationships between dimensions of the final model. Results A final model was developed. CFA concluded that the model was valid and reliable (Goodness of Fit indices: χ2(109) = 227.662, P = 0.000, RMSEA = 0.05, SRMR = 0.05, GFI = 1.00, NNFI = 0.90, CFI = 0.92). SEM indicated that “perceived pharmacist image” was associated positively and significantly with both “professional expectations” (the standardized path coefficient of (H) = 0.719, P < 0.05), as well as “courtesy expectations” (the standardized path coefficient of (H) = 0.582, P < 0.05). At the same time, “professional expectations” were associated positively and significantly with “positive reactions” (the standardized path coefficient of (H) = 0.358, P < 0.05), but negatively with “Negative reactions” (the standardized path coefficient of (H) = −0.427, P < 0.05). “Courtesy expectations” were associated positively and significantly with “positive reactions” (the standardized path coefficient of (H) = 0.081, P < 0.05), as well as “negative reactions” (the standardized path coefficient of (H) = 0.450, P < 0.05). Conclusions A valid and reliable model of patients' image of the pharmacist related to their expectations and reactions to the pharmacist's role was developed and tested. When the perceived image of the pharmacist is enhanced, patients' expectations of the pharmacist are heightened; in turn, these expectations were associated with reactions of patients.	en_US
dc.relation.ispartof	Research in Social and Administrative Pharmacy	en_US
dc.relation.isbasedon	10.1016/j.sapharm.2016.04.001	en_US
dc.subject.classification	Pharmacology & Pharmacy	en_US
dc.subject.mesh	Humans	en_US
dc.subject.mesh	Pilot Projects	en_US
dc.subject.mesh	Reproducibility of Results	en_US
dc.subject.mesh	Attitude to Health	en_US
dc.subject.mesh	Professional Role	en_US
dc.subject.mesh	Professional-Patient Relations	en_US
dc.subject.mesh	Models, Theoretical	en_US
dc.subject.mesh	Aged	en_US
dc.subject.mesh	Aged, 80 and over	en_US
dc.subject.mesh	Pharmacists	en_US
dc.subject.mesh	Community Pharmacy Services	en_US
dc.subject.mesh	Female	en_US
dc.subject.mesh	Male	en_US
dc.subject.mesh	Surveys and Questionnaires	en_US
dc.title	Patients' expectations of the role of the community pharmacist: Development and testing of a conceptual model	en_US
dc.type	Journal Article
utslib.citation.volume	2	en_US
utslib.citation.volume	13	en_US
utslib.for	1115 Pharmacology and Pharmaceutical Sciences	en_US
utslib.for	1117 Public Health and Health Services	en_US
pubs.embargo.period	Not known	en_US
pubs.organisational-group	/University of Technology Sydney
pubs.organisational-group	/University of Technology Sydney/Graduate School of Health
pubs.organisational-group	/University of Technology Sydney/Students
utslib.copyright.status	closed_access
pubs.issue	2	en_US
pubs.publication-status	Published	en_US
pubs.volume	13	en_US

Abstract:

© 2016 Elsevier Inc. Background The roles of community pharmacists are evolving to include provision of expanded professional pharmacy services, thus leading to an increased interest in pharmacist–patient interactions. Role theory can be used to explain the interaction between this pair of individuals, by focusing on the roles performed by each one. Objective To develop and test a model that relates patients' image of the pharmacist to their expectations of pharmacist's role, and how this then influences patients' reactions toward the pharmacist's role. Methods A qualitative study was undertaken, and a questionnaire was created for the development of the model, based on role theory. The content, dimensions, validity and reliability of the questionnaire were pre-tested qualitatively and in a pilot mail survey. The reliability and validity of the proposed model were tested using confirmatory factor analysis (CFA). Structural equation modelling (SEM) was used to explain relationships between dimensions of the final model. Results A final model was developed. CFA concluded that the model was valid and reliable (Goodness of Fit indices: χ2(109) = 227.662, P = 0.000, RMSEA = 0.05, SRMR = 0.05, GFI = 1.00, NNFI = 0.90, CFI = 0.92). SEM indicated that “perceived pharmacist image” was associated positively and significantly with both “professional expectations” (the standardized path coefficient of (H) = 0.719, P < 0.05), as well as “courtesy expectations” (the standardized path coefficient of (H) = 0.582, P < 0.05). At the same time, “professional expectations” were associated positively and significantly with “positive reactions” (the standardized path coefficient of (H) = 0.358, P < 0.05), but negatively with “Negative reactions” (the standardized path coefficient of (H) = −0.427, P < 0.05). “Courtesy expectations” were associated positively and significantly with “positive reactions” (the standardized path coefficient of (H) = 0.081, P < 0.05), as well as “negative reactions” (the standardized path coefficient of (H) = 0.450, P < 0.05). Conclusions A valid and reliable model of patients' image of the pharmacist related to their expectations and reactions to the pharmacist's role was developed and tested. When the perceived image of the pharmacist is enhanced, patients' expectations of the pharmacist are heightened; in turn, these expectations were associated with reactions of patients.

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http://hdl.handle.net/10453/125142