Antiseptic chlorhexidine in activated sludge: Biosorption, antimicrobial susceptibility, and alteration of community structure

Keerthisinghe, TP; Nguyen, LN; Kwon, EE; Oh, S

Antiseptic chlorhexidine in activated sludge: Biosorption, antimicrobial susceptibility, and alteration of community structure

Keerthisinghe, TP Nguyen, LN

Kwon, EE Oh, S

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Publication Type:: Journal Article
Citation:: Journal of Environmental Management, 2019, 237 pp. 629 - 635
Issue Date:: 2019-05-01

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Field	Value	Language
dc.contributor.author	Keerthisinghe, TP	en_US
dc.contributor.author	Nguyen, LN https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5360-886X	en_US
dc.contributor.author	Kwon, EE	en_US
dc.contributor.author	Oh, S	en_US
dc.date.available	2021-05-18T19:02:50Z
dc.date.issued	2019-05-01	en_US
dc.identifier.citation	Journal of Environmental Management, 2019, 237 pp. 629 - 635	en_US
dc.identifier.issn	0301-4797	en_US
dc.identifier.uri	http://hdl.handle.net/10453/131605
dc.description.abstract	© 2019 Elsevier Ltd Chlorhexidine (CHX) is a broad-spectrum antimicrobial, which may pose environmental health risks. This study examined the removal potential and the mechanisms regulating the fate of CHX in activated sludge (AS). Bioreactors inoculated with AS removed 74 ± 8% and 81 ± 6% of CHX at steady state while receiving 0.5 and 1 mg/L CHX, respectively. Analysis of the removal pathways showed that biosorption, rather than biological breakdown or other abiotic losses, largely (>70%) regulated the removal of CHX. 16S rRNA gene-based analysis revealed that CHX selected for Luteolibacter (4.3–10.1-fold change) and Runella (6.2–14.1-fold change) with potential multi-drug resistance mechanisms (e.g., efflux pumps). In contrast, it significantly reduced core members (Comamonadaceae and Flavobacteriaceae) of AS, playing a key role in contaminant removal and floc formation directly associated with the performance of WWTPs (e.g., wastewater effluent quality). Antimicrobial susceptibility testing showed that 0.4–1.3 mg/L of CHX can be sublethal to AS. Our work provided new insights into the fate of CHX in urban waste streams and the potential toxicity and effects on the structure and function of AS, which has practical implications for the management of biological WWTPs treating CHX.	en_US
dc.relation.ispartof	Journal of Environmental Management	en_US
dc.relation.isbasedon	10.1016/j.jenvman.2019.02.043	en_US
dc.subject.classification	Environmental Sciences	en_US
dc.subject.mesh	Chlorhexidine	en_US
dc.subject.mesh	RNA, Ribosomal, 16S	en_US
dc.subject.mesh	Anti-Infective Agents	en_US
dc.subject.mesh	Anti-Infective Agents, Local	en_US
dc.subject.mesh	Sewage	en_US
dc.title	Antiseptic chlorhexidine in activated sludge: Biosorption, antimicrobial susceptibility, and alteration of community structure	en_US
dc.type	Journal Article
utslib.citation.volume	237	en_US
utslib.for	0904 Chemical Engineering	en_US
pubs.embargo.period	Not known	en_US
pubs.organisational-group	/University of Technology Sydney
pubs.organisational-group	/University of Technology Sydney/Faculty of Engineering and Information Technology
pubs.organisational-group	/University of Technology Sydney/Faculty of Engineering and Information Technology/School of Civil and Environmental Engineering
pubs.organisational-group	/University of Technology Sydney/Strength - CTWW - Centre for Technology in Water and Wastewater Treatment
utslib.copyright.status	open_access
pubs.publication-status	Published	en_US
pubs.volume	237	en_US

Abstract:

© 2019 Elsevier Ltd Chlorhexidine (CHX) is a broad-spectrum antimicrobial, which may pose environmental health risks. This study examined the removal potential and the mechanisms regulating the fate of CHX in activated sludge (AS). Bioreactors inoculated with AS removed 74 ± 8% and 81 ± 6% of CHX at steady state while receiving 0.5 and 1 mg/L CHX, respectively. Analysis of the removal pathways showed that biosorption, rather than biological breakdown or other abiotic losses, largely (>70%) regulated the removal of CHX. 16S rRNA gene-based analysis revealed that CHX selected for Luteolibacter (4.3–10.1-fold change) and Runella (6.2–14.1-fold change) with potential multi-drug resistance mechanisms (e.g., efflux pumps). In contrast, it significantly reduced core members (Comamonadaceae and Flavobacteriaceae) of AS, playing a key role in contaminant removal and floc formation directly associated with the performance of WWTPs (e.g., wastewater effluent quality). Antimicrobial susceptibility testing showed that 0.4–1.3 mg/L of CHX can be sublethal to AS. Our work provided new insights into the fate of CHX in urban waste streams and the potential toxicity and effects on the structure and function of AS, which has practical implications for the management of biological WWTPs treating CHX.

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http://hdl.handle.net/10453/131605