Coagulation by titanium tetrachloride for fulvic acid removal: Factors influencing coagulation efficiency and floc characteristics

Zhao, YX; Gao, BY; Zhang, GZ; Phuntsho, S; Shon, HK

Coagulation by titanium tetrachloride for fulvic acid removal: Factors influencing coagulation efficiency and floc characteristics

Zhao, YX Gao, BY Zhang, GZ Phuntsho, S

Shon, HK

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Publication Type:: Journal Article
Citation:: Desalination, 2014, 335 (1), pp. 70 - 77
Issue Date:: 2014-02-17

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Field	Value	Language
dc.contributor.author	Zhao, YX	en_US
dc.contributor.author	Gao, BY	en_US
dc.contributor.author	Zhang, GZ	en_US
dc.contributor.author	Phuntsho, S https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3917-3916	en_US
dc.contributor.author	Shon, HK https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3777-7169	en_US
dc.date.issued	2014-02-17	en_US
dc.identifier.citation	Desalination, 2014, 335 (1), pp. 70 - 77	en_US
dc.identifier.issn	0011-9164	en_US
dc.identifier.uri	http://hdl.handle.net/10453/131963
dc.description.abstract	Coagulation efficiency of titanium tetrachloride (TiCl4) was investigated for fulvic acid (FA) (as model organic matter) removal compared to traditional coagulants - iron chloride (FeCl3) and aluminum sulfate (Al2(SO4)3). The growth, breakage and regrowth nature of flocs formed by the three coagulants were also comparatively evaluated under different coagulation conditions. Results indicated that TiCl4 achieved higher removal of UV278 (absorbance at 278nm) and DOC (dissolved organic carbon) than FeCl3 and Al2(SO4)3, and TiCl4 produced the largest flocs with the highest floc growth rate. The responses of floc to different operating parameters depend on the coagulant used, while the floc breakage and re-aggregation were also significantly influenced by shear force and break-up period. Floc strength decayed with the increasing shear force, while the inverse trend was observed for floc recoverability. An extension in break-up period resulted in the deterioration of both floc strength and recoverability regardless of the coagulants used. Flocs formed by TiCl4 displayed the weakest recoverability after breakage by contrast to conventional coagulants. Since TiCl4 is only studied recently as a novel coagulant, the comparative study of coagulation performance and floc characteristics of TiCl4 against the traditional coagulants provided valuable information for its wide application in the future.© 2013 Elsevier B.V.	en_US
dc.relation.ispartof	Desalination	en_US
dc.relation.isbasedon	10.1016/j.desal.2013.12.016	en_US
dc.subject.classification	Chemical Engineering	en_US
dc.title	Coagulation by titanium tetrachloride for fulvic acid removal: Factors influencing coagulation efficiency and floc characteristics	en_US
dc.type	Journal Article
utslib.citation.volume	1	en_US
utslib.citation.volume	335	en_US
utslib.for	090404 Membrane and Separation Technologies	en_US
utslib.for	03 Chemical Sciences	en_US
utslib.for	09 Engineering	en_US
pubs.embargo.period	Not known	en_US
pubs.organisational-group	/University of Technology Sydney
pubs.organisational-group	/University of Technology Sydney/Faculty of Engineering and Information Technology
pubs.organisational-group	/University of Technology Sydney/Faculty of Engineering and Information Technology/School of Civil and Environmental Engineering
pubs.organisational-group	/University of Technology Sydney/Strength - CTWW - Centre for Technology in Water and Wastewater Treatment
utslib.copyright.status	closed_access
pubs.issue	1	en_US
pubs.publication-status	Published	en_US
pubs.volume	335	en_US

Abstract:

Coagulation efficiency of titanium tetrachloride (TiCl4) was investigated for fulvic acid (FA) (as model organic matter) removal compared to traditional coagulants - iron chloride (FeCl3) and aluminum sulfate (Al2(SO4)3). The growth, breakage and regrowth nature of flocs formed by the three coagulants were also comparatively evaluated under different coagulation conditions. Results indicated that TiCl4 achieved higher removal of UV278 (absorbance at 278nm) and DOC (dissolved organic carbon) than FeCl3 and Al2(SO4)3, and TiCl4 produced the largest flocs with the highest floc growth rate. The responses of floc to different operating parameters depend on the coagulant used, while the floc breakage and re-aggregation were also significantly influenced by shear force and break-up period. Floc strength decayed with the increasing shear force, while the inverse trend was observed for floc recoverability. An extension in break-up period resulted in the deterioration of both floc strength and recoverability regardless of the coagulants used. Flocs formed by TiCl4 displayed the weakest recoverability after breakage by contrast to conventional coagulants. Since TiCl4 is only studied recently as a novel coagulant, the comparative study of coagulation performance and floc characteristics of TiCl4 against the traditional coagulants provided valuable information for its wide application in the future.© 2013 Elsevier B.V.

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http://hdl.handle.net/10453/131963