Identifying Ketamine Responses in Treatment-Resistant Depression Using a Wearable Forehead EEG
- Publication Type:
- Journal Article
- Citation:
- IEEE Transactions on Biomedical Engineering, 2019, 66 (6), pp. 1668 - 1679
- Issue Date:
- 2019-06-01
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| Filename | Description | Size | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Identifying Ketamine Responses in Treatment-Resistant Depression Using a Wearable Forehead EEG.pdf | Published Version | 1.57 MB |
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© 2019 IEEE. This study explores responses to ketamine in patients with treatment-resistant depression (TRD) using a wearable forehead electroencephalography (EEG) device. We recruited and randomly assigned 55 outpatients with TRD into three approximately equal-sized groups (A: 0.5-mg/kg ketamine; B: 0.2-mg/kg ketamine; and C: normal saline) under double-blind conditions. The ketamine responses were measured by EEG signals and Hamilton depression rating scale scores. At baseline, the responders showed significantly weaker EEG theta power than the non-responders (p < 0.05). Compared to the baseline, the responders exhibited higher EEG alpha power but lower EEG alpha asymmetry and theta cordance post-treatment (p < 0.05). Furthermore, our baseline EEG predictor classified the responders and non-responders with 81.3 ± 9.5% accuracy, 82.1 ± 8.6% sensitivity, and 91.9 ± 7.4% specificity. In conclusion, the rapid antidepressant effects of mixed doses of ketamine are associated with prefrontal EEG power, asymmetry, and cordance at baseline and early post-treatment changes. Prefrontal EEG patterns at baseline may serve as indicators of ketamine effects. Our randomized double-blind placebo-controlled study provides information regarding the clinical impacts on the potential targets underlying baseline identification and early changes from the effects of ketamine in patients with TRD.
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