Core temperature responses to cold-water immersion recovery: A pooled-data analysis

Stephens, JM; Sharpe, K; Gore, C; Miller, J; Slater, GJ; Versey, N; Peiffer, J; Duffield, R; Minett, GM; Crampton, D; Dunne, A; Askew, CD; Halson, SL

Core temperature responses to cold-water immersion recovery: A pooled-data analysis

Stephens, JM Sharpe, K Gore, C Miller, J Slater, GJ Versey, N Peiffer, J Duffield, R

Minett, GM Crampton, D Dunne, A Askew, CD Halson, SL

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Publication Type:: Journal Article
Citation:: International Journal of Sports Physiology and Performance, 2018, 13 (7), pp. 917 - 925
Issue Date:: 2018-08-01

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Field	Value	Language
dc.contributor.author	Stephens, JM	en_US
dc.contributor.author	Sharpe, K	en_US
dc.contributor.author	Gore, C	en_US
dc.contributor.author	Miller, J	en_US
dc.contributor.author	Slater, GJ	en_US
dc.contributor.author	Versey, N	en_US
dc.contributor.author	Peiffer, J	en_US
dc.contributor.author	Duffield, R https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5641-1314	en_US
dc.contributor.author	Minett, GM	en_US
dc.contributor.author	Crampton, D	en_US
dc.contributor.author	Dunne, A	en_US
dc.contributor.author	Askew, CD	en_US
dc.contributor.author	Halson, SL	en_US
dc.date.issued	2018-08-01	en_US
dc.identifier.citation	International Journal of Sports Physiology and Performance, 2018, 13 (7), pp. 917 - 925	en_US
dc.identifier.issn	1555-0265	en_US
dc.identifier.uri	http://hdl.handle.net/10453/138282
dc.description.abstract	© 2018 Human Kinetics, Inc. Purpose: To examine the effect of postexercise cold-water immersion (CWI) protocols, compared with control (CON), on the magnitude and time course of core temperature (Tc) responses. Methods: Pooled-data analyses were used to examine the Tc responses of 157 subjects from previous postexercise CWI trials in the authors’ laboratories. CWI protocols varied with different combinations of temperature, duration, immersion depth, and mode (continuous vs intermittent). Tc was examined as a double difference (ΔΔTc), calculated as the change in Tc in CWI condition minus the corresponding change in CON. The effect of CWI on ΔΔTc was assessed using separate linear mixed models across 2 time components (component 1, immersion; component 2, postintervention). Results: Intermittent CWI resulted in a mean decrease in ΔΔTc that was 0.25°C (0.10°C) (estimate [SE]) greater than continuous CWI during the immersion component (P = .02). There was a significant effect of CWI temperature during the immersion component (P = .05), where reductions in water temperature of 1°C resulted in decreases in ΔΔTc of 0.03°C (0.01°C). Similarly, the effect of CWI duration was significant during the immersion component (P = .01), where every 1 min of immersion resulted in a decrease in ΔΔTc of 0.02°C (0.01°C). The peak difference in Tc between the CWI and CON interventions during the postimmersion component occurred at 60 min postintervention. Conclusions: Variations in CWI mode, duration, and temperature may have a significant effect on the extent of change in Tc. Careful consideration should be given to determine the optimal amount of core cooling before deciding which combination of protocol factors to prescribe.	en_US
dc.relation.ispartof	International Journal of Sports Physiology and Performance	en_US
dc.relation.isbasedon	10.1123/ijspp.2017-0661	en_US
dc.rights	info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
dc.subject.classification	Sport Sciences	en_US
dc.subject.mesh	Humans	en_US
dc.subject.mesh	Water	en_US
dc.subject.mesh	Exercise	en_US
dc.subject.mesh	Immersion	en_US
dc.subject.mesh	Body Temperature Regulation	en_US
dc.subject.mesh	Muscle Fatigue	en_US
dc.subject.mesh	Time Factors	en_US
dc.subject.mesh	Adult	en_US
dc.subject.mesh	Male	en_US
dc.subject.mesh	Cold Temperature	en_US
dc.subject.mesh	Young Adult	en_US
dc.subject.mesh	Myalgia	en_US
dc.title	Core temperature responses to cold-water immersion recovery: A pooled-data analysis	en_US
dc.type	Journal Article
utslib.citation.volume	7	en_US
utslib.citation.volume	13	en_US
utslib.for	1106 Human Movement and Sports Sciences	en_US
utslib.for	1116 Medical Physiology	en_US
utslib.for	1701 Psychology	en_US
pubs.embargo.period	Not known	en_US
pubs.organisational-group	/University of Technology Sydney
pubs.organisational-group	/University of Technology Sydney/Faculty of Health
pubs.organisational-group	/University of Technology Sydney/Faculty of Health/Sports and Exercise Science
pubs.organisational-group	/University of Technology Sydney/Strength - CHSP - Health Services and Practice
utslib.copyright.status	open_access	*
pubs.issue	7	en_US
pubs.publication-status	Published	en_US
pubs.volume	13	en_US

Abstract:

© 2018 Human Kinetics, Inc. Purpose: To examine the effect of postexercise cold-water immersion (CWI) protocols, compared with control (CON), on the magnitude and time course of core temperature (Tc) responses. Methods: Pooled-data analyses were used to examine the Tc responses of 157 subjects from previous postexercise CWI trials in the authors’ laboratories. CWI protocols varied with different combinations of temperature, duration, immersion depth, and mode (continuous vs intermittent). Tc was examined as a double difference (ΔΔTc), calculated as the change in Tc in CWI condition minus the corresponding change in CON. The effect of CWI on ΔΔTc was assessed using separate linear mixed models across 2 time components (component 1, immersion; component 2, postintervention). Results: Intermittent CWI resulted in a mean decrease in ΔΔTc that was 0.25°C (0.10°C) (estimate [SE]) greater than continuous CWI during the immersion component (P = .02). There was a significant effect of CWI temperature during the immersion component (P = .05), where reductions in water temperature of 1°C resulted in decreases in ΔΔTc of 0.03°C (0.01°C). Similarly, the effect of CWI duration was significant during the immersion component (P = .01), where every 1 min of immersion resulted in a decrease in ΔΔTc of 0.02°C (0.01°C). The peak difference in Tc between the CWI and CON interventions during the postimmersion component occurred at 60 min postintervention. Conclusions: Variations in CWI mode, duration, and temperature may have a significant effect on the extent of change in Tc. Careful consideration should be given to determine the optimal amount of core cooling before deciding which combination of protocol factors to prescribe.

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http://hdl.handle.net/10453/138282