Acute immune-inflammatory responses to a single bout of aerobic exercise in smokers; The effect of smoking history and status

Kastelein, TE; Duffield, R; Marino, FE

Acute immune-inflammatory responses to a single bout of aerobic exercise in smokers; The effect of smoking history and status

Kastelein, TE Duffield, R

Marino, FE

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Publication Type:: Journal Article
Citation:: Frontiers in Immunology, 2015, 6 (DEC)
Issue Date:: 2015-01-01

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Field	Value	Language
dc.contributor.author	Kastelein, TE	en_US
dc.contributor.author	Duffield, R https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5641-1314	en_US
dc.contributor.author	Marino, FE	en_US
dc.date.available	2015-12-03	en_US
dc.date.issued	2015-01-01	en_US
dc.identifier.citation	Frontiers in Immunology, 2015, 6 (DEC)	en_US
dc.identifier.uri	http://hdl.handle.net/10453/138288
dc.description.abstract	© 2015 Kastelein, Duffield and Marino. This study examined the acute immune and inflammatory responses to exercise in smokers compared to non-smokers, and further, the effect of smoking history on these immune-inflammatory responses. Fifty-four recreationally active males who were either smokers (SM; n = 27) or non-smokers (NS; n = 27) were allocated into either young (YSM, YNS) or middle-aged groups (MSM, MNS) based on smoking status. Participants were matched for fitness and smoking habits and following familiarization and baseline testing, undertook an exercise protocol that involved 40 min of cycle ergometry at 50% of VO2peak. Venous blood was obtained pre- and post- (0 min, 1, and 4 h) exercise to measure circulating leukocytes and inflammatory markers interleukin (IL)-6, IL-1β, IL-1ra, and monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1). Compared to MNS, MSM showed elevated basal concentrations of MCP-1, which were increased with a longer smoking history (P < 0.05). In response to exercise, YSM demonstrated an amplified IL-6 response from immediately- to 1 h-post compared to YNS. Furthermore, IL-1ra in YSM was elevated above that of YNS across all time points (P < 0.05). The MSM group had higher IL-1β at baseline when compared to YSM, although IL-1ra was greater for YSM at baseline (P < 0.05). Finally, the post-exercise leukocyte response was greater in MSM compared to YSM and non-smokers (P < 0.05). In conclusion, smoker's exhibit elevated MCP-1 and IL-1β that seem to be evident with a longer smoking history (~15 years). Furthermore, the differences in exercise-induced inflammatory responses noted in YSM may be indicative tobacco smoke exposure priming circulating leukocytes to amplify inflammatory responses.	en_US
dc.relation.ispartof	Frontiers in Immunology	en_US
dc.relation.isbasedon	10.3389/fimmu.2015.00634	en_US
dc.rights	info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
dc.title	Acute immune-inflammatory responses to a single bout of aerobic exercise in smokers; The effect of smoking history and status	en_US
dc.type	Journal Article
utslib.citation.volume	DEC	en_US
utslib.citation.volume	6	en_US
utslib.for	1107 Immunology	en_US
utslib.for	1108 Medical Microbiology	en_US
pubs.embargo.period	Not known	en_US
pubs.organisational-group	/University of Technology Sydney
pubs.organisational-group	/University of Technology Sydney/Faculty of Health
pubs.organisational-group	/University of Technology Sydney/Faculty of Health/Sports and Exercise Science
pubs.organisational-group	/University of Technology Sydney/Strength - CHSP - Health Services and Practice
utslib.copyright.status	open_access	*
pubs.issue	DEC	en_US
pubs.publication-status	Published	en_US
pubs.volume	6	en_US

Abstract:

© 2015 Kastelein, Duffield and Marino. This study examined the acute immune and inflammatory responses to exercise in smokers compared to non-smokers, and further, the effect of smoking history on these immune-inflammatory responses. Fifty-four recreationally active males who were either smokers (SM; n = 27) or non-smokers (NS; n = 27) were allocated into either young (YSM, YNS) or middle-aged groups (MSM, MNS) based on smoking status. Participants were matched for fitness and smoking habits and following familiarization and baseline testing, undertook an exercise protocol that involved 40 min of cycle ergometry at 50% of VO2peak. Venous blood was obtained pre- and post- (0 min, 1, and 4 h) exercise to measure circulating leukocytes and inflammatory markers interleukin (IL)-6, IL-1β, IL-1ra, and monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1). Compared to MNS, MSM showed elevated basal concentrations of MCP-1, which were increased with a longer smoking history (P < 0.05). In response to exercise, YSM demonstrated an amplified IL-6 response from immediately- to 1 h-post compared to YNS. Furthermore, IL-1ra in YSM was elevated above that of YNS across all time points (P < 0.05). The MSM group had higher IL-1β at baseline when compared to YSM, although IL-1ra was greater for YSM at baseline (P < 0.05). Finally, the post-exercise leukocyte response was greater in MSM compared to YSM and non-smokers (P < 0.05). In conclusion, smoker's exhibit elevated MCP-1 and IL-1β that seem to be evident with a longer smoking history (~15 years). Furthermore, the differences in exercise-induced inflammatory responses noted in YSM may be indicative tobacco smoke exposure priming circulating leukocytes to amplify inflammatory responses.

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