Nutrient recovery in anaerobic membrane bioreactors

Publisher:
Elsevier
Publication Type:
Chapter
Citation:
Current Developments in Biotechnology and Bioengineering: Advanced Membrane Separation Processes for Sustainable Water and Wastewater Management - Anaerobic Membrane Bioreactor Processes and Technologies, 2020, pp. 283-307
Issue Date:
2020-01-01
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© 2020 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. A sustainable supply of nutrients is a prerequisite to satisfy the rising demand for fertilizer production, and in this case refers to ammonium and phosphate. This will ensure food security, especially given the limited existing deposits of phosphate-bearing rocks and high costs related to the production industry. Therefore, it is essential to recover nutrients and then reuse them for fertilizer production. Recently, significant efforts have been made to develop technologies for nutrient recovery, in which wastewater is a potential source due to it containing rich nutrients and existing in large quantities. The Anaerobic Membrane Bioreactor (AnMBR) is a promising method for recovering nutrients from wastewater because it can: firstly, release phosphate and ammonium from wastewater; and secondly, be concentrated in the permeated liquid. Given that the AnMBR itself is unable to recover nutrients, additional technologies are required to be integrated within the AnMBR. To date, technologies including chemical precipitation, adsorption, and membrane technology help to recover nutrients from the AnMBR effluent. On the other hand, the bioelectrochemical system (BES) serving as an advanced AnMBR has also been developed for nutrient recovery. In this chapter, state-of-the-art studies on recovering nutrients through the AnMBR processes from the last decade are reviewed, with particular reference to nutrients recovery and the simultaneous introduction of corresponding mechanisms. In addition, possible challenges affecting the current application of nutrients recovery in the AnMBR are discussed. Finally, various perspectives on the future development of AnMBRs for nutrient recovery are thoroughly discussed.
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