Recovery of sodium sulfate from seawater brine using fractional submerged membrane distillation crystallizer.

Choi, Y; Naidu, G; Lee, S; Vigneswaran, S

Recovery of sodium sulfate from seawater brine using fractional submerged membrane distillation crystallizer.

Choi, Y Naidu, G Lee, S Vigneswaran, S

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Publisher:: Elsevier BV
Publication Type:: Journal Article
Citation:: Chemosphere, 2020, 238
Issue Date:: 2020-01

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Field	Value	Language
dc.contributor.author	Choi, Y
dc.contributor.author	Naidu, G
dc.contributor.author	Lee, S
dc.contributor.author	Vigneswaran, S https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8117-4322
dc.date.accessioned	2021-03-19T02:43:20Z
dc.date.available	2019-08-21
dc.date.available	2021-03-19T02:43:20Z
dc.date.issued	2020-01
dc.identifier.citation	Chemosphere, 2020, 238
dc.identifier.issn	0045-6535
dc.identifier.issn	1879-1298
dc.identifier.uri	http://hdl.handle.net/10453/147377
dc.description.abstract	Seawater reverse osmosis (SWRO) brine contain many valuable resources. In this study, fractional-submerged membrane distillation crystallizer (F-SMDC) was used to recover sodium sulfate (Na<sub>2</sub>SO<sub>4</sub>) from SWRO brine. The concentration/temperature gradient (CG/TG) in the reactor enhanced water recovery utilizing MD and Na<sub>2</sub>SO<sub>4</sub> crystallization via a crystallizer. Crystals were not obtained at the bottom section of the F-SMDC due to: firstly, calcium sulfate crystallization occurring on the membrane surface; and secondly, low temperature-sensitivity solubility component such as NaCl exerting a negative influence. In order to obtain supersaturation, a sulfate-rich scenario was created in the reactor through the addition of the following three components: Na<sub>2</sub>SO<sub>4</sub>, MgSO<sub>4</sub> and (NH<sub>4</sub>)<sub>2</sub>SO<sub>4</sub>. When Na<sub>2</sub>SO<sub>4</sub> and MgSO<sub>4</sub> were added, a larger concentration was observed at the top section, resulting in a low concentration gradient (CG) ratio, i.e. around 1.7. Conversely, the addition of (NH<sub>4</sub>)<sub>2</sub>SO<sub>4</sub> achieved faster Na<sub>2</sub>SO<sub>4</sub> crystallization (VCF 1.42) at the bottom section with a greater CG ratio of more than 2.0. Total water recovery ratio of 72% and 223.73 g Na<sub>2</sub>SO<sub>4</sub> crystals were successfully extracted from simulated SWRO brine using laboratory scale F-SMDC.
dc.format	Print-Electronic
dc.language	eng
dc.publisher	Elsevier BV
dc.relation	http://purl.org/au-research/grants/arc/DP150101377
dc.relation.ispartof	Chemosphere
dc.relation.isbasedon	10.1016/j.chemosphere.2019.124641
dc.rights	info:eu-repo/semantics/closedAccess
dc.subject.classification	Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
dc.subject.classification	Environmental Sciences
dc.subject.mesh	Crystallization
dc.subject.mesh	Distillation
dc.subject.mesh	Membranes, Artificial
dc.subject.mesh	Osmosis
dc.subject.mesh	Salts
dc.subject.mesh	Seawater
dc.subject.mesh	Solubility
dc.subject.mesh	Sulfates
dc.subject.mesh	Temperature
dc.subject.mesh	Sulfates
dc.subject.mesh	Salts
dc.subject.mesh	Membranes, Artificial
dc.subject.mesh	Crystallization
dc.subject.mesh	Temperature
dc.subject.mesh	Seawater
dc.subject.mesh	Osmosis
dc.subject.mesh	Solubility
dc.subject.mesh	Distillation
dc.subject.mesh	Crystallization
dc.subject.mesh	Distillation
dc.subject.mesh	Membranes, Artificial
dc.subject.mesh	Osmosis
dc.subject.mesh	Salts
dc.subject.mesh	Seawater
dc.subject.mesh	Solubility
dc.subject.mesh	Sulfates
dc.subject.mesh	Temperature
dc.title	Recovery of sodium sulfate from seawater brine using fractional submerged membrane distillation crystallizer.
dc.type	Journal Article
utslib.citation.volume	238
utslib.location.activity	England
pubs.organisational-group	/University of Technology Sydney
pubs.organisational-group	/University of Technology Sydney/Faculty of Engineering and Information Technology
pubs.organisational-group	/University of Technology Sydney/Faculty of Engineering and Information Technology/School of Civil and Environmental Engineering
pubs.organisational-group	/University of Technology Sydney/Strength - CTWW - Centre for Technology in Water and Wastewater Treatment
utslib.copyright.status	closed_access	*
pubs.consider-herdc	false
dc.date.updated	2021-03-19T02:43:17Z
pubs.publication-status	Published
pubs.volume	238

Abstract:

Seawater reverse osmosis (SWRO) brine contain many valuable resources. In this study, fractional-submerged membrane distillation crystallizer (F-SMDC) was used to recover sodium sulfate (Na₂SO₄) from SWRO brine. The concentration/temperature gradient (CG/TG) in the reactor enhanced water recovery utilizing MD and Na₂SO₄ crystallization via a crystallizer. Crystals were not obtained at the bottom section of the F-SMDC due to: firstly, calcium sulfate crystallization occurring on the membrane surface; and secondly, low temperature-sensitivity solubility component such as NaCl exerting a negative influence. In order to obtain supersaturation, a sulfate-rich scenario was created in the reactor through the addition of the following three components: Na₂SO₄, MgSO₄ and (NH₄)₂SO₄. When Na₂SO₄ and MgSO₄ were added, a larger concentration was observed at the top section, resulting in a low concentration gradient (CG) ratio, i.e. around 1.7. Conversely, the addition of (NH₄)₂SO₄ achieved faster Na₂SO₄ crystallization (VCF 1.42) at the bottom section with a greater CG ratio of more than 2.0. Total water recovery ratio of 72% and 223.73 g Na₂SO₄ crystals were successfully extracted from simulated SWRO brine using laboratory scale F-SMDC.

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http://hdl.handle.net/10453/147377