Barrier Islands Resilience to Extreme Events: Do Earthquake and Tsunami Play a Role?

Meilianda, E; Lavigne, F; Pradhan, B; Wassmer, P; Darusman, D; Dohmen-Janssen, M

Barrier Islands Resilience to Extreme Events: Do Earthquake and Tsunami Play a Role?

Meilianda, E Lavigne, F Pradhan, B

Wassmer, P Darusman, D Dohmen-Janssen, M

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Publisher:: MDPI
Publication Type:: Journal Article
Citation:: Water (Switzerland), 2021, 13, (2)
Issue Date:: 2021-01-13

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Field	Value	Language
dc.contributor.author	Meilianda, E
dc.contributor.author	Lavigne, F
dc.contributor.author	Pradhan, B https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9863-2054
dc.contributor.author	Wassmer, P
dc.contributor.author	Darusman, D
dc.contributor.author	Dohmen-Janssen, M
dc.date.accessioned	2021-05-05T00:45:30Z
dc.date.available	2021-05-05T00:45:30Z
dc.date.issued	2021-01-13
dc.identifier.citation	Water (Switzerland), 2021, 13, (2)
dc.identifier.issn	2073-4441
dc.identifier.issn	2073-4441
dc.identifier.uri	http://hdl.handle.net/10453/148647
dc.description.abstract	Barrier islands are indicators of coastal resilience. Previous studies have proven that barrier islands are surprisingly resilient to extreme storm events. At present, little is known about barrier systems’ resilience to seismic events triggering tsunamis, co-seismic subsidence, and liquefaction. The objective of this study is, therefore, to investigate the morphological resilience of the barrier islands in responding to those secondary effects of seismic activity of the Sumatra–Andaman subduction zone and the Great Sumatran Fault system. Spatial analysis in Geographical Information Systems (GIS) was utilized to detect shoreline changes from the multi-source datasets of centennial time scale, including old topographic maps and satellite images from 1898 until 2017. Additionally, the earthquake and tsunami records and established conceptual models of storm effects to barrier systems, are corroborated to support possible forcing factors analysis. Two selected coastal sections possess different geomorphic settings are investigated: (1) Lambadeuk, the coast overlying the Sumatran Fault system, (2) Kuala Gigieng, located in between two segments of the Sumatran Fault System. Seven consecutive pairs of comparable old topographic maps and satellite images reveal remarkable morphological changes in the form of breaching, landward migrating, sinking, and complete disappearing in different periods of observation. While semi-protected embayed Lambadeuk is not resilient to repeated co-seismic land subsidence, the wave-dominated Kuala Gigieng coast is not resilient to the combination of tsunami and liquefaction events. The megatsunami triggered by the 2004 earthquake led to irreversible changes in the barrier islands on both coasts.
dc.language	English
dc.publisher	MDPI
dc.relation.ispartof	Water (Switzerland)
dc.relation.isbasedon	10.3390/w13020178
dc.rights	info:eu-repo/semantics/closedAccess
dc.title	Barrier Islands Resilience to Extreme Events: Do Earthquake and Tsunami Play a Role?
dc.type	Journal Article
utslib.citation.volume	13
pubs.organisational-group	/University of Technology Sydney
pubs.organisational-group	/University of Technology Sydney/Faculty of Engineering and Information Technology
pubs.organisational-group	/University of Technology Sydney/Strength - CAMGIS - Centre for Advanced Modelling and Geospatial lnformation Systems
pubs.organisational-group	/University of Technology Sydney/Faculty of Engineering and Information Technology/School of Information, Systems and Modelling
utslib.copyright.status	closed_access	*
dc.date.updated	2021-05-05T00:45:26Z
pubs.issue	2
pubs.publication-status	Published
pubs.volume	13
utslib.citation.issue	2

Abstract:

Barrier islands are indicators of coastal resilience. Previous studies have proven that barrier islands are surprisingly resilient to extreme storm events. At present, little is known about barrier systems’ resilience to seismic events triggering tsunamis, co-seismic subsidence, and liquefaction. The objective of this study is, therefore, to investigate the morphological resilience of the barrier islands in responding to those secondary effects of seismic activity of the Sumatra–Andaman subduction zone and the Great Sumatran Fault system. Spatial analysis in Geographical Information Systems (GIS) was utilized to detect shoreline changes from the multi-source datasets of centennial time scale, including old topographic maps and satellite images from 1898 until 2017. Additionally, the earthquake and tsunami records and established conceptual models of storm effects to barrier systems, are corroborated to support possible forcing factors analysis. Two selected coastal sections possess different geomorphic settings are investigated: (1) Lambadeuk, the coast overlying the Sumatran Fault system, (2) Kuala Gigieng, located in between two segments of the Sumatran Fault System. Seven consecutive pairs of comparable old topographic maps and satellite images reveal remarkable morphological changes in the form of breaching, landward migrating, sinking, and complete disappearing in different periods of observation. While semi-protected embayed Lambadeuk is not resilient to repeated co-seismic land subsidence, the wave-dominated Kuala Gigieng coast is not resilient to the combination of tsunami and liquefaction events. The megatsunami triggered by the 2004 earthquake led to irreversible changes in the barrier islands on both coasts.

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http://hdl.handle.net/10453/148647