A systematic review on the effects of Echinacea supplementation on cytokine levels: Is there a role in COVID-19?

Aucoin, M; Cardozo, V; McLaren, MD; Garber, A; Remy, D; Baker, J; Gratton, A; Kala, MA; Monteiro, S; Warder, C; Perciballi, A; Cooley, K

A systematic review on the effects of Echinacea supplementation on cytokine levels: Is there a role in COVID-19?

Aucoin, M Cardozo, V McLaren, MD Garber, A Remy, D Baker, J Gratton, A Kala, MA Monteiro, S Warder, C Perciballi, A Cooley, K

Permalink

Publisher:: Elsevier BV
Publication Type:: Journal Article
Citation:: Metabolism Open, 2021, pp. 100115
Issue Date:: 2021-07-29

Open Access

Copyright Clearance Process

Recently Added
In Progress
Open Access

This item is open access.

Adobe PDF

Download full textAdobe PDF (2.05 MB)

View on publisher's site

View statistics

Full metadata record

Field	Value	Language
dc.contributor.author	Aucoin, M
dc.contributor.author	Cardozo, V
dc.contributor.author	McLaren, MD
dc.contributor.author	Garber, A
dc.contributor.author	Remy, D
dc.contributor.author	Baker, J
dc.contributor.author	Gratton, A
dc.contributor.author	Kala, MA
dc.contributor.author	Monteiro, S
dc.contributor.author	Warder, C
dc.contributor.author	Perciballi, A
dc.contributor.author	Cooley, K https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7960-6504
dc.date.accessioned	2021-09-06T04:43:21Z
dc.date.available	2021-07-26
dc.date.available	2021-09-06T04:43:21Z
dc.date.issued	2021-07-29
dc.identifier.citation	Metabolism Open, 2021, pp. 100115
dc.identifier.issn	2589-9368
dc.identifier.issn	2589-9368
dc.identifier.uri	http://hdl.handle.net/10453/150356
dc.description.abstract	COVID-19 is the respiratory illness caused by the novel coronavirus, SARS-CoV-2. Cytokine storm appears to be a factor in COVID-19 mortality. <i>Echinacea</i> species have been used historically for immune modulation. A previous rapid review suggested that <i>Echinacea</i> supplementation may decrease the levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines involved in cytokine storm. The objective of the present systematic review was to identify all research that has assessed changes in levels of cytokines relevant to cytokine storm in response to administration of <i>Echinacea</i> supplementation. The following databases were searched: Medline (Ovid), AMED (Ovid), CINAHL (EBSCO), EMBASE (Ovid). Title and abstract screening, full text screening, and data extraction were completed in duplicate using a piloted extraction template. Risk of bias assessment was completed. Qualitative analysis was used to assess for trends in cytokine level changes. The search identified 279 unique publications. After full text screening, 105 studies met criteria for inclusion including 13 human studies, 24 animal studies, and 71 <i>in vitro</i> or <i>ex vivo</i> studies. The data suggest that <i>Echinacea</i> supplementation may be associated with a decrease in the pro-inflammatory cytokines IL-6, IL-8, and TNF, as well as an increase in the anti-inflammatory cytokine IL-10. The risk of bias in the included studies was generally high. While there is currently no substantive research on the therapeutic effects of <i>Echinacea</i> in the management of either cytokine storm or COVID-19, the present evidence related to the herb's impact on cytokine levels suggests that further research may be warranted in the form of a clinical trial involving patients with COVID-19.
dc.format	Print-Electronic
dc.language	eng
dc.publisher	Elsevier BV
dc.relation.ispartof	Metabolism Open
dc.relation.isbasedon	10.1016/j.metop.2021.100115
dc.rights	info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
dc.title	A systematic review on the effects of Echinacea supplementation on cytokine levels: Is there a role in COVID-19?
dc.type	Journal Article
utslib.location.activity	England
pubs.organisational-group	/University of Technology Sydney
pubs.organisational-group	/University of Technology Sydney/Faculty of Health
pubs.organisational-group	/University of Technology Sydney/Faculty of Health/Public Health
utslib.copyright.status	open_access	*
dc.date.updated	2021-09-06T04:43:16Z
pubs.publication-status	Published

Abstract:

COVID-19 is the respiratory illness caused by the novel coronavirus, SARS-CoV-2. Cytokine storm appears to be a factor in COVID-19 mortality. Echinacea species have been used historically for immune modulation. A previous rapid review suggested that Echinacea supplementation may decrease the levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines involved in cytokine storm. The objective of the present systematic review was to identify all research that has assessed changes in levels of cytokines relevant to cytokine storm in response to administration of Echinacea supplementation. The following databases were searched: Medline (Ovid), AMED (Ovid), CINAHL (EBSCO), EMBASE (Ovid). Title and abstract screening, full text screening, and data extraction were completed in duplicate using a piloted extraction template. Risk of bias assessment was completed. Qualitative analysis was used to assess for trends in cytokine level changes. The search identified 279 unique publications. After full text screening, 105 studies met criteria for inclusion including 13 human studies, 24 animal studies, and 71 in vitro or ex vivo studies. The data suggest that Echinacea supplementation may be associated with a decrease in the pro-inflammatory cytokines IL-6, IL-8, and TNF, as well as an increase in the anti-inflammatory cytokine IL-10. The risk of bias in the included studies was generally high. While there is currently no substantive research on the therapeutic effects of Echinacea in the management of either cytokine storm or COVID-19, the present evidence related to the herb's impact on cytokine levels suggests that further research may be warranted in the form of a clinical trial involving patients with COVID-19.

Please use this identifier to cite or link to this item:

http://hdl.handle.net/10453/150356