Degree of Cancer Spread at Presentation and Survival Among Adolescents and Young Adults in New South Wales, Australia.

Li, M; Holliday, L; Roder, D; Tervonen, H; Anazodo, A; Dallapozza, L; Hesketh, E; Currow, D

Degree of Cancer Spread at Presentation and Survival Among Adolescents and Young Adults in New South Wales, Australia.

Li, M Holliday, L Roder, D Tervonen, H Anazodo, A Dallapozza, L Hesketh, E Currow, D

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Publisher:: Mary Ann Liebert
Publication Type:: Journal Article
Citation:: Journal of Adolescent and Young Adult Oncology, 2021, 10, (2), pp. 156-163
Issue Date:: 2021-04

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Field	Value	Language
dc.contributor.author	Li, M
dc.contributor.author	Holliday, L
dc.contributor.author	Roder, D
dc.contributor.author	Tervonen, H
dc.contributor.author	Anazodo, A
dc.contributor.author	Dallapozza, L
dc.contributor.author	Hesketh, E
dc.contributor.author	Currow, D https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1988-1250
dc.date.accessioned	2021-09-15T05:32:55Z
dc.date.available	2021-09-15T05:32:55Z
dc.date.issued	2021-04
dc.identifier.citation	Journal of Adolescent and Young Adult Oncology, 2021, 10, (2), pp. 156-163
dc.identifier.issn	2156-5333
dc.identifier.issn	2156-535X
dc.identifier.uri	http://hdl.handle.net/10453/150565
dc.description.abstract	Purpose: Five-year relative cancer survival increased from 80% to 89% among adolescent and young adult (AYA) Australians between 1985–1989 and 2011–2015. New South Wales (NSW), with a third of the Australian population, has long recorded degree of spread (localized, regional, or distant) at diagnosis. This study complements national data by investigating survival increases after adjusting for differences in degree of spread, cancer type, and sociodemographic characteristics. Methods: Population-based NSW Cancer Registry data, for malignant solid cancers where degree of spread was applicable, were analyzed for ages 15–24 years in 1980–2015. Subhazard ratios (SHRs) from competing risk regression indicated risk of death from the primary cancer as opposed to other causes. Multiple logistic regression was used to model odds ratios for more extensive compared with localized spread at diagnosis. Results: Approximately 72% of cancers had a localized degree of spread. Adjusted SHRs for cancer-specific mortality decreased from 1980–1989 to 2010–2015 (SHR: 0.73, 95% confidence interval: 0.55–0.95). Adjusted odds ratios (aORs) for more advanced versus localized spread were lowest for melanoma and lip, oral cavity, and pharyngeal carcinoma, and highest for breast carcinoma, Ewing tumor, and colorectal carcinoma. The aOR for more advanced versus localized cancer was higher for men than women. Conclusions: Cancer survival increased to a statistically significantly in AYAs during 1980–2015, after adjusting for degree of spread, cancer type, and sociodemographic characteristics. We attribute this mostly to treatment gains. Linked data should be used to explore treatment contributions.
dc.format	Print-Electronic
dc.language	eng
dc.publisher	Mary Ann Liebert
dc.relation.ispartof	Journal of Adolescent and Young Adult Oncology
dc.relation.isbasedon	10.1089/jayao.2020.0023
dc.rights	info:eu-repo/semantics/closedAccess
dc.subject	1110 Nursing, 1112 Oncology and Carcinogenesis, 1117 Public Health and Health Services
dc.title	Degree of Cancer Spread at Presentation and Survival Among Adolescents and Young Adults in New South Wales, Australia.
dc.type	Journal Article
utslib.citation.volume	10
utslib.location.activity	United States
utslib.for	1110 Nursing
utslib.for	1112 Oncology and Carcinogenesis
utslib.for	1117 Public Health and Health Services
pubs.organisational-group	/University of Technology Sydney
pubs.organisational-group	/University of Technology Sydney/Faculty of Health
pubs.organisational-group	/University of Technology Sydney/Faculty of Health/IMPACCT
utslib.copyright.status	closed_access	*
pubs.consider-herdc	false
dc.date.updated	2021-09-15T05:32:55Z
pubs.issue	2
pubs.publication-status	Published
pubs.volume	10
utslib.citation.issue	2

Abstract:

Purpose: Five-year relative cancer survival increased from 80% to 89% among adolescent and young adult (AYA) Australians between 1985–1989 and 2011–2015. New South Wales (NSW), with a third of the Australian population, has long recorded degree of spread (localized, regional, or distant) at diagnosis. This study complements national data by investigating survival increases after adjusting for differences in degree of spread, cancer type, and sociodemographic characteristics. Methods: Population-based NSW Cancer Registry data, for malignant solid cancers where degree of spread was applicable, were analyzed for ages 15–24 years in 1980–2015. Subhazard ratios (SHRs) from competing risk regression indicated risk of death from the primary cancer as opposed to other causes. Multiple logistic regression was used to model odds ratios for more extensive compared with localized spread at diagnosis. Results: Approximately 72% of cancers had a localized degree of spread. Adjusted SHRs for cancer-specific mortality decreased from 1980–1989 to 2010–2015 (SHR: 0.73, 95% confidence interval: 0.55–0.95). Adjusted odds ratios (aORs) for more advanced versus localized spread were lowest for melanoma and lip, oral cavity, and pharyngeal carcinoma, and highest for breast carcinoma, Ewing tumor, and colorectal carcinoma. The aOR for more advanced versus localized cancer was higher for men than women. Conclusions: Cancer survival increased to a statistically significantly in AYAs during 1980–2015, after adjusting for degree of spread, cancer type, and sociodemographic characteristics. We attribute this mostly to treatment gains. Linked data should be used to explore treatment contributions.

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http://hdl.handle.net/10453/150565