Seroprevalence of hepatitis B antibodies among international and domestic university students.

Heywood, A; Dyda, A; Hu, W; Saha, A; Mahimbo, A; Gidding, H; Kefalas, B; Seale, H; Macintyre, CR; Zwar, N; Rawlinson, W

Seroprevalence of hepatitis B antibodies among international and domestic university students.

Heywood, A Dyda, A Hu, W Saha, A Mahimbo, A

Gidding, H Kefalas, B Seale, H Macintyre, CR Zwar, N Rawlinson, W

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Publisher:: Wiley
Publication Type:: Journal Article
Citation:: Journal of Viral Hepatitis, 2021, 28, (10), pp. 1400-1412
Issue Date:: 2021-10

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Field	Value	Language
dc.contributor.author	Heywood, A
dc.contributor.author	Dyda, A
dc.contributor.author	Hu, W
dc.contributor.author	Saha, A
dc.contributor.author	Mahimbo, A https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2058-6881
dc.contributor.author	Gidding, H
dc.contributor.author	Kefalas, B
dc.contributor.author	Seale, H
dc.contributor.author	Macintyre, CR
dc.contributor.author	Zwar, N
dc.contributor.author	Rawlinson, W
dc.date.accessioned	2021-11-30T05:04:41Z
dc.date.available	2021-07-21
dc.date.available	2021-11-30T05:04:41Z
dc.date.issued	2021-10
dc.identifier.citation	Journal of Viral Hepatitis, 2021, 28, (10), pp. 1400-1412
dc.identifier.issn	1345-2533
dc.identifier.issn	1365-2893
dc.identifier.uri	http://hdl.handle.net/10453/151922
dc.description.abstract	Chronic hepatitis B prevalence is low in most Australian populations, with universal infant HBV vaccination introduced in 2000. Migrants from high prevalence countries are at risk of acquisition before arrival and non-immune adults are potentially at risk through skin penetrating procedures and sexual contact, particularly during international travel. The risk profile of young adult students, many from high prevalence countries, is inadequately understood. A cross-sectional online survey conducted among university students collected data on demographic, vaccination and travel characteristics and blood samples were tested for hepatitis B surface antibody (HBsAb) and hepatitis B core antibody (HBcAb). Analyses identified factors associated with HBsAb seroprevalence and self-reported vaccination. The serosurvey was completed by 804 students born between 1988 and 1993, with 613/804 (76.2%, 95% CI 73.2-79.1) self-reporting prior HBV vaccination. Overall, 526/804 (65.4%, 95% CI 62.0%-68.6%) students were seropositive to HBsAb, including 438/613 (71.5%, 95% CI 67.8-74.9) students self-reporting a prior HBV vaccine and 88/191 (46.1%, 95% CI 39.2-53.2) students self-reporting no prior HBV vaccine. Overall, 8/804 (1.0%, 95% CI 0.5%-2.0%) students were HBcAb positive, of whom 1/804 (0.1%, 95% CI 0.02%-0.7%) was currently infectious. The prevalence of chronic HBV infection was low. However, more than one in four students were susceptible to HBV and over-estimated their immunity. Future vaccination efforts should focus on domestic students born before the introduction of the infant program and all international students. Screening and vaccination of students, including through campus-based health services, are an opportunity to catch-up young adults prior to undertaking at-risk activities, including international travel.
dc.format	Print-Electronic
dc.language	eng
dc.publisher	Wiley
dc.relation.ispartof	Journal of Viral Hepatitis
dc.relation.isbasedon	10.1111/jvh.13580
dc.rights	info:eu-repo/semantics/closedAccess
dc.subject	0605 Microbiology, 1103 Clinical Sciences, 1108 Medical Microbiology
dc.subject.classification	Gastroenterology & Hepatology
dc.subject.mesh	Australia
dc.subject.mesh	Cross-Sectional Studies
dc.subject.mesh	Hepatitis B
dc.subject.mesh	Hepatitis B Antibodies
dc.subject.mesh	Hepatitis B Surface Antigens
dc.subject.mesh	Hepatitis B Vaccines
dc.subject.mesh	Hepatitis B virus
dc.subject.mesh	Humans
dc.subject.mesh	Infant
dc.subject.mesh	Seroepidemiologic Studies
dc.subject.mesh	Students
dc.subject.mesh	Universities
dc.subject.mesh	Vaccination
dc.subject.mesh	Young Adult
dc.subject.mesh	Humans
dc.subject.mesh	Hepatitis B virus
dc.subject.mesh	Hepatitis B
dc.subject.mesh	Hepatitis B Vaccines
dc.subject.mesh	Hepatitis B Antibodies
dc.subject.mesh	Hepatitis B Surface Antigens
dc.subject.mesh	Vaccination
dc.subject.mesh	Cross-Sectional Studies
dc.subject.mesh	Seroepidemiologic Studies
dc.subject.mesh	Students
dc.subject.mesh	Universities
dc.subject.mesh	Infant
dc.subject.mesh	Australia
dc.subject.mesh	Young Adult
dc.subject.mesh	Australia
dc.subject.mesh	Cross-Sectional Studies
dc.subject.mesh	Hepatitis B
dc.subject.mesh	Hepatitis B Antibodies
dc.subject.mesh	Hepatitis B Surface Antigens
dc.subject.mesh	Hepatitis B Vaccines
dc.subject.mesh	Hepatitis B virus
dc.subject.mesh	Humans
dc.subject.mesh	Infant
dc.subject.mesh	Seroepidemiologic Studies
dc.subject.mesh	Students
dc.subject.mesh	Universities
dc.subject.mesh	Vaccination
dc.subject.mesh	Young Adult
dc.title	Seroprevalence of hepatitis B antibodies among international and domestic university students.
dc.type	Journal Article
utslib.citation.volume	28
utslib.location.activity	England
utslib.for	0605 Microbiology
utslib.for	1103 Clinical Sciences
utslib.for	1108 Medical Microbiology
pubs.organisational-group	/University of Technology Sydney
pubs.organisational-group	/University of Technology Sydney/Faculty of Health
pubs.organisational-group	/University of Technology Sydney/Faculty of Health/Public Health
utslib.copyright.status	closed_access	*
pubs.consider-herdc	false
dc.date.updated	2021-11-30T05:04:38Z
pubs.issue	10
pubs.publication-status	Published
pubs.volume	28
utslib.citation.issue	10

Abstract:

Chronic hepatitis B prevalence is low in most Australian populations, with universal infant HBV vaccination introduced in 2000. Migrants from high prevalence countries are at risk of acquisition before arrival and non-immune adults are potentially at risk through skin penetrating procedures and sexual contact, particularly during international travel. The risk profile of young adult students, many from high prevalence countries, is inadequately understood. A cross-sectional online survey conducted among university students collected data on demographic, vaccination and travel characteristics and blood samples were tested for hepatitis B surface antibody (HBsAb) and hepatitis B core antibody (HBcAb). Analyses identified factors associated with HBsAb seroprevalence and self-reported vaccination. The serosurvey was completed by 804 students born between 1988 and 1993, with 613/804 (76.2%, 95% CI 73.2-79.1) self-reporting prior HBV vaccination. Overall, 526/804 (65.4%, 95% CI 62.0%-68.6%) students were seropositive to HBsAb, including 438/613 (71.5%, 95% CI 67.8-74.9) students self-reporting a prior HBV vaccine and 88/191 (46.1%, 95% CI 39.2-53.2) students self-reporting no prior HBV vaccine. Overall, 8/804 (1.0%, 95% CI 0.5%-2.0%) students were HBcAb positive, of whom 1/804 (0.1%, 95% CI 0.02%-0.7%) was currently infectious. The prevalence of chronic HBV infection was low. However, more than one in four students were susceptible to HBV and over-estimated their immunity. Future vaccination efforts should focus on domestic students born before the introduction of the infant program and all international students. Screening and vaccination of students, including through campus-based health services, are an opportunity to catch-up young adults prior to undertaking at-risk activities, including international travel.

Please use this identifier to cite or link to this item:

http://hdl.handle.net/10453/151922