Field trial of an automated batch chlorinator system at shared water points in an urban community of Dhaka, Bangladesh

Amin, N; Crider, YS; Unicomb, L; Das, KK; Gope, PS; Mahmud, ZH; Islam, MS; Davis, J; Luby, SP; Pickering, AJ

Field trial of an automated batch chlorinator system at shared water points in an urban community of Dhaka, Bangladesh

Amin, N Crider, YS Unicomb, L Das, KK Gope, PS Mahmud, ZH Islam, MS Davis, J Luby, SP Pickering, AJ

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Publisher:: IWA PUBLISHING
Publication Type:: Journal Article
Citation:: JOURNAL OF WATER SANITATION AND HYGIENE FOR DEVELOPMENT, 2016, 6, (1), pp. 32-41
Issue Date:: 2016-03-01

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Field	Value	Language
dc.contributor.author	Amin, N
dc.contributor.author	Crider, YS
dc.contributor.author	Unicomb, L
dc.contributor.author	Das, KK
dc.contributor.author	Gope, PS
dc.contributor.author	Mahmud, ZH
dc.contributor.author	Islam, MS
dc.contributor.author	Davis, J
dc.contributor.author	Luby, SP
dc.contributor.author	Pickering, AJ
dc.date.accessioned	2022-03-14T07:04:05Z
dc.date.available	2022-03-14T07:04:05Z
dc.date.issued	2016-03-01
dc.identifier.citation	JOURNAL OF WATER SANITATION AND HYGIENE FOR DEVELOPMENT, 2016, 6, (1), pp. 32-41
dc.identifier.issn	2043-9083
dc.identifier.issn	2408-9362
dc.identifier.uri	http://hdl.handle.net/10453/155219
dc.description.abstract	<jats:p>Point-of-use water treatment with chlorine is underutilized in low-income households. The Zimba, an automated batch chlorinator, requires no electricity or moving parts, and can be installed at shared water points with intermittent flow. We conducted a small-scale trial to assess the acceptability and quality of Zimba-treated municipal water. Fieldworkers collected stored drinking water over a 10-week period from control (n = 24 households) and treatment (n = 30 households) compounds to assess levels of free chlorine and E. coli contamination. Overall, 80% of stored drinking water samples had a safe chlorine residual among treatment households, compared to 29% among control households (P &lt; 0.001). Concentrations of E. coli were lower (mean difference = 0.4 log colony-forming units/100 mL, P = 0.004) in treatment compared to control households. Fifty-three percent of mothers (n = 17), thought the Zimba was easy to use and 76% were satisfied with the taste. The majority of mothers mentioned that collecting water from the Zimba took more time and created a long queue at the handpump. The Zimba successfully chlorinated household stored drinking water; however, further technology development is required to address user preferences. The Zimba may be a good option for point-of-collection water treatment in areas where queuing for water is uncommon.</jats:p>
dc.language	English
dc.publisher	IWA PUBLISHING
dc.relation.ispartof	JOURNAL OF WATER SANITATION AND HYGIENE FOR DEVELOPMENT
dc.relation.isbasedon	10.2166/washdev.2016.027
dc.rights	info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
dc.subject	0502 Environmental Science and Management, 0907 Environmental Engineering, 1205 Urban and Regional Planning
dc.title	Field trial of an automated batch chlorinator system at shared water points in an urban community of Dhaka, Bangladesh
dc.type	Journal Article
utslib.citation.volume	6
utslib.for	0502 Environmental Science and Management
utslib.for	0907 Environmental Engineering
utslib.for	1205 Urban and Regional Planning
pubs.organisational-group	/University of Technology Sydney
pubs.organisational-group	/University of Technology Sydney/DVC (Research)
pubs.organisational-group	/University of Technology Sydney/DVC (Research)/Institute For Sustainable Futures
utslib.copyright.status	open_access	*
dc.date.updated	2022-03-14T07:04:04Z
pubs.issue	1
pubs.publication-status	Published
pubs.volume	6
utslib.citation.issue	1

Abstract:

Point-of-use water treatment with chlorine is underutilized in low-income households. The Zimba, an automated batch chlorinator, requires no electricity or moving parts, and can be installed at shared water points with intermittent flow. We conducted a small-scale trial to assess the acceptability and quality of Zimba-treated municipal water. Fieldworkers collected stored drinking water over a 10-week period from control (n = 24 households) and treatment (n = 30 households) compounds to assess levels of free chlorine and E. coli contamination. Overall, 80% of stored drinking water samples had a safe chlorine residual among treatment households, compared to 29% among control households (P < 0.001). Concentrations of E. coli were lower (mean difference = 0.4 log colony-forming units/100 mL, P = 0.004) in treatment compared to control households. Fifty-three percent of mothers (n = 17), thought the Zimba was easy to use and 76% were satisfied with the taste. The majority of mothers mentioned that collecting water from the Zimba took more time and created a long queue at the handpump. The Zimba successfully chlorinated household stored drinking water; however, further technology development is required to address user preferences. The Zimba may be a good option for point-of-collection water treatment in areas where queuing for water is uncommon.

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http://hdl.handle.net/10453/155219