Quingo: A Programming Framework for Heterogeneous Quantum-Classical Computing with NISQ Features

Fu, X; Yu, J; Su, X; Jiang, H; Wu, H; Cheng, F; Deng, X; Zhang, J; Jin, L; Yang, Y; Xu, L; Hu, C; Huang, A; Huang, G; Qiang, X; Deng, M; Xu, P; Xu, W; Liu, W; Zhang, Y; Deng, Y; Wu, J; Feng, Y

Quingo: A Programming Framework for Heterogeneous Quantum-Classical Computing with NISQ Features

Fu, X Yu, J Su, X Jiang, H Wu, H Cheng, F Deng, X Zhang, J Jin, L Yang, Y Xu, L Hu, C Huang, A Huang, G Qiang, X Deng, M Xu, P Xu, W Liu, W Zhang, Y Deng, Y Wu, J Feng, Y

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Publisher:: Association for Computing Machinery (ACM)
Publication Type:: Journal Article
Citation:: ACM Transactions on Quantum Computing, 2021, 2, (4), pp. 1-37
Issue Date:: 2021-12-31

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Field	Value	Language
dc.contributor.author	Fu, X
dc.contributor.author	Yu, J
dc.contributor.author	Su, X
dc.contributor.author	Jiang, H
dc.contributor.author	Wu, H
dc.contributor.author	Cheng, F
dc.contributor.author	Deng, X
dc.contributor.author	Zhang, J
dc.contributor.author	Jin, L
dc.contributor.author	Yang, Y
dc.contributor.author	Xu, L
dc.contributor.author	Hu, C
dc.contributor.author	Huang, A
dc.contributor.author	Huang, G
dc.contributor.author	Qiang, X
dc.contributor.author	Deng, M
dc.contributor.author	Xu, P
dc.contributor.author	Xu, W
dc.contributor.author	Liu, W
dc.contributor.author	Zhang, Y
dc.contributor.author	Deng, Y
dc.contributor.author	Wu, J
dc.contributor.author	Feng, Y https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3097-3896
dc.date.accessioned	2022-04-12T22:01:27Z
dc.date.available	2022-04-12T22:01:27Z
dc.date.issued	2021-12-31
dc.identifier.citation	ACM Transactions on Quantum Computing, 2021, 2, (4), pp. 1-37
dc.identifier.issn	2643-6809
dc.identifier.issn	2643-6817
dc.identifier.uri	http://hdl.handle.net/10453/156143
dc.description.abstract	<jats:p>The increasing control complexity of Noisy Intermediate-Scale Quantum (NISQ) systems underlines the necessity of integrating quantum hardware with quantum software. While mapping heterogeneous quantum-classical computing (HQCC) algorithms to NISQ hardware for execution, we observed a few dissatisfactions in quantum programming languages (QPLs), including difficult mapping to hardware, limited expressiveness, and counter-intuitive code. In addition, noisy qubits require repeatedly performed quantum experiments, which explicitly operate low-level configurations, such as pulses and timing of operations. This requirement is beyond the scope or capability of most existing QPLs.</jats:p> <jats:p>We summarize three execution models to depict the quantum-classical interaction of existing QPLs. Based on the refined HQCC model, we propose the Quingo framework to integrate and manage quantum-classical software and hardware to provide the programmability over HQCC applications and map them to NISQ hardware. We propose a six-phase quantum program life-cycle model matching the refined HQCC model, which is implemented by a runtime system. We also propose the Quingo programming language, an external domain-specific language highlighting timer-based timing control and opaque operation definition, which can be used to describe quantum experiments. We believe the Quingo framework could contribute to the clarification of key techniques in the design of future HQCC systems.</jats:p>
dc.language	en
dc.publisher	Association for Computing Machinery (ACM)
dc.relation	http://purl.org/au-research/grants/arc/DP180100691
dc.relation	National Natural Science Foundation of China61832015
dc.relation.ispartof	ACM Transactions on Quantum Computing
dc.relation.isbasedon	10.1145/3483528
dc.rights	info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
dc.title	Quingo: A Programming Framework for Heterogeneous Quantum-Classical Computing with NISQ Features
dc.type	Journal Article
utslib.citation.volume	2
pubs.organisational-group	/University of Technology Sydney
pubs.organisational-group	/University of Technology Sydney/Faculty of Engineering and Information Technology
pubs.organisational-group	/University of Technology Sydney/Strength - QSI - Centre for Quantum Software and Information
utslib.copyright.status	open_access	*
dc.date.updated	2022-04-12T22:01:25Z
pubs.issue	4
pubs.publication-status	Published
pubs.volume	2
utslib.citation.issue	4

Abstract:

The increasing control complexity of Noisy Intermediate-Scale Quantum (NISQ) systems underlines the necessity of integrating quantum hardware with quantum software. While mapping heterogeneous quantum-classical computing (HQCC) algorithms to NISQ hardware for execution, we observed a few dissatisfactions in quantum programming languages (QPLs), including difficult mapping to hardware, limited expressiveness, and counter-intuitive code. In addition, noisy qubits require repeatedly performed quantum experiments, which explicitly operate low-level configurations, such as pulses and timing of operations. This requirement is beyond the scope or capability of most existing QPLs. We summarize three execution models to depict the quantum-classical interaction of existing QPLs. Based on the refined HQCC model, we propose the Quingo framework to integrate and manage quantum-classical software and hardware to provide the programmability over HQCC applications and map them to NISQ hardware. We propose a six-phase quantum program life-cycle model matching the refined HQCC model, which is implemented by a runtime system. We also propose the Quingo programming language, an external domain-specific language highlighting timer-based timing control and opaque operation definition, which can be used to describe quantum experiments. We believe the Quingo framework could contribute to the clarification of key techniques in the design of future HQCC systems.

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http://hdl.handle.net/10453/156143