Microalgae-based carbon capture and utilization: A critical review on current system developments and biomass utilization

Nguyen, LN; Vu, MT; Vu, HP; Johir, MAH; Labeeuw, L; Ralph, PJ; Mahlia, TMI; Pandey, A; Sirohi, R; Nghiem, LD

Microalgae-based carbon capture and utilization: A critical review on current system developments and biomass utilization

Nguyen, LN Vu, MT Vu, HP Johir, MAH Labeeuw, L Ralph, PJ Mahlia, TMI Pandey, A Sirohi, R Nghiem, LD

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Publisher:: TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC
Publication Type:: Journal Article
Citation:: Critical Reviews in Environmental Science and Technology, 2022
Issue Date:: 2022-01-01

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Field	Value	Language
dc.contributor.author	Nguyen, LN
dc.contributor.author	Vu, MT
dc.contributor.author	Vu, HP
dc.contributor.author	Johir, MAH
dc.contributor.author	Labeeuw, L
dc.contributor.author	Ralph, PJ
dc.contributor.author	Mahlia, TMI
dc.contributor.author	Pandey, A
dc.contributor.author	Sirohi, R
dc.contributor.author	Nghiem, LD
dc.date.accessioned	2022-04-27T21:44:57Z
dc.date.available	2022-04-27T21:44:57Z
dc.date.issued	2022-01-01
dc.identifier.citation	Critical Reviews in Environmental Science and Technology, 2022
dc.identifier.issn	1064-3389
dc.identifier.issn	1547-6537
dc.identifier.uri	http://hdl.handle.net/10453/156695
dc.description.abstract	Carbon capture and utilization (CCU) is an emerging technology with commercial potential to convert atmospheric carbon dioxide (CO2) into net zero or negative emission products. In microalgae-based CCU, microalgae utilize CO2 and sunlight to generate biomass for commercial applications. This paper reviews the current state of microalgal culture development for CCU and highlights its potential contribution to addressing climate change challenges. Current microalgal culture systems have not been designed for high throughput biomass growth and carbon capture. Raceways, high-rate algal ponds, and photobioreactors are the most widely used for microalgal cultivation at a large-scale. The limitations of these systems are related to microalgal growth requirements. Ponds are operated at narrow depth to ensure sufficient light distribution and thus need a large land surface. CO2 gas needs to be in a dissolved form for efficient utilization by microalgae. Innovative system designs to achieve optimized distribution of light, nutrient, and CO2 utilization for enhanced biomass production are crucial to achieve large-scale CO2 capture by microalgae. Data corroborated in this review highlights several innovative techniques to deliver CO2 effectively and enhance light illumination to microalgal cells. Submerged and internal illuminations can enhance light distribution without compromising culture volume and land requirements. CO2 delivery technique selections mainly depend on CO2 sources. The carbonation column appears to be the best option regarding efficiency, easy operation, and simple design. The downstream processes of microalgal culture (i.e. harvesting, biomass utilization, and water reuse) are important to make microalgae-based CCU a significant contribution to global carbon mitigation solutions.
dc.language	English
dc.publisher	TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC
dc.relation.ispartof	Critical Reviews in Environmental Science and Technology
dc.relation.isbasedon	10.1080/10643389.2022.2047141
dc.rights	“This is an Accepted Manuscript of an article published by Taylor & Francis in Luong N. Nguyen, Minh T. Vu, Hang P. Vu, Md. Abu Hasan Johir, Leen Labeeuw, Peter J. Ralph, T. M. I. Mahlia, Ashok Pandey, Ranjna Sirohi & Long D. Nghiem (2022) Microalgae-based carbon capture and utilization: A critical review on current system developments and biomass utilization, Critical Reviews in Environmental Science and Technology, DOI: 10.1080/10643389.2022.2047141
dc.rights	info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
dc.subject.classification	Environmental Sciences
dc.title	Microalgae-based carbon capture and utilization: A critical review on current system developments and biomass utilization
dc.type	Journal Article
pubs.organisational-group	/University of Technology Sydney
pubs.organisational-group	/University of Technology Sydney/Faculty of Engineering and Information Technology
pubs.organisational-group	/University of Technology Sydney/Faculty of Engineering and Information Technology/School of Civil and Environmental Engineering
pubs.organisational-group	/University of Technology Sydney/Strength - CTWW - Centre for Technology in Water and Wastewater Treatment
pubs.organisational-group	/University of Technology Sydney/Strength - CAMGIS - Centre for Advanced Modelling and Geospatial lnformation Systems
utslib.copyright.status	open_access	*
dc.date.updated	2022-04-27T21:44:56Z
pubs.publication-status	Published

Abstract:

Carbon capture and utilization (CCU) is an emerging technology with commercial potential to convert atmospheric carbon dioxide (CO2) into net zero or negative emission products. In microalgae-based CCU, microalgae utilize CO2 and sunlight to generate biomass for commercial applications. This paper reviews the current state of microalgal culture development for CCU and highlights its potential contribution to addressing climate change challenges. Current microalgal culture systems have not been designed for high throughput biomass growth and carbon capture. Raceways, high-rate algal ponds, and photobioreactors are the most widely used for microalgal cultivation at a large-scale. The limitations of these systems are related to microalgal growth requirements. Ponds are operated at narrow depth to ensure sufficient light distribution and thus need a large land surface. CO2 gas needs to be in a dissolved form for efficient utilization by microalgae. Innovative system designs to achieve optimized distribution of light, nutrient, and CO2 utilization for enhanced biomass production are crucial to achieve large-scale CO2 capture by microalgae. Data corroborated in this review highlights several innovative techniques to deliver CO2 effectively and enhance light illumination to microalgal cells. Submerged and internal illuminations can enhance light distribution without compromising culture volume and land requirements. CO2 delivery technique selections mainly depend on CO2 sources. The carbonation column appears to be the best option regarding efficiency, easy operation, and simple design. The downstream processes of microalgal culture (i.e. harvesting, biomass utilization, and water reuse) are important to make microalgae-based CCU a significant contribution to global carbon mitigation solutions.

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