Prevalence and factors associated with preoperative anxiety among patients undergoing surgery in low-income and middle-income countries: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Bedaso, A; Mekonnen, N; Duko, B

Prevalence and factors associated with preoperative anxiety among patients undergoing surgery in low-income and middle-income countries: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Bedaso, A Mekonnen, N Duko, B

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Publisher:: BMJ PUBLISHING GROUP
Publication Type:: Journal Article
Citation:: BMJ Open, 2022, 12, (3), pp. e058187
Issue Date:: 2022-03-11

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Field	Value	Language
dc.contributor.author	Bedaso, A
dc.contributor.author	Mekonnen, N
dc.contributor.author	Duko, B
dc.date.accessioned	2022-09-08T00:11:19Z
dc.date.available	2022-09-08T00:11:19Z
dc.date.issued	2022-03-11
dc.identifier.citation	BMJ Open, 2022, 12, (3), pp. e058187
dc.identifier.issn	2044-6055
dc.identifier.issn	2044-6055
dc.identifier.uri	http://hdl.handle.net/10453/161501
dc.description.abstract	OBJECTIVES: This review aimed to determine the pooled prevalence of preoperative anxiety and its associated factors among patients undergoing surgery in low/middle-income countries (LMICs). METHODS: We searched PubMed, SCOPUS, CINAHL, Embase and PsychINFO to identify peer-reviewed studies on the prevalence and factors associated with preoperative anxiety among patients undergoing surgery using predefined eligibility criteria. Studies were pooled to estimate the prevalence of preoperative anxiety using a random-effect meta-analysis model. Heterogeneity was assessed using I² statistics. Funnel plot asymmetry and Egger's regression tests were used to check for publication bias. RESULT: Our search identified 2110 studies, of which 27 studies from 12 countries with 5575 participants were included in the final meta-analysis. Of the total 27 studies, 11 used the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory to screen anxiety, followed by the Amsterdam Preoperative Anxiety and Information scale, used by four studies. The pooled prevalence of preoperative anxiety among patients undergoing surgery in LMICs was 55.7% (95% CI 48.60 to 62.93). Our subgroup analysis found that a higher pooled prevalence of preoperative anxiety was found among female surgical patients (59.36%, 95% CI 48.16 to 70.52, I2=95.43, p<0.001) and studies conducted in Asia (62.59%, 95% CI 48.65 to 76.53, I2=97.48, p<0.001). CONCLUSION: Our meta-analysis indicated that around one in two patients undergoing surgery in LMICs suffer from preoperative anxiety, which needs due attention. Routine screening of preoperative anxiety symptoms among patients scheduled for surgery is vital. PROSPERO REGISTRATION NUMBER: CRD42020161934.
dc.format	Electronic
dc.language	eng
dc.publisher	BMJ PUBLISHING GROUP
dc.relation.ispartof	BMJ Open
dc.relation.isbasedon	10.1136/bmjopen-2021-058187
dc.rights	info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
dc.subject	1103 Clinical Sciences, 1117 Public Health and Health Services, 1199 Other Medical and Health Sciences
dc.subject.mesh	Anxiety
dc.subject.mesh	Developing Countries
dc.subject.mesh	Female
dc.subject.mesh	Humans
dc.subject.mesh	Income
dc.subject.mesh	Male
dc.subject.mesh	Poverty
dc.subject.mesh	Prevalence
dc.subject.mesh	Humans
dc.subject.mesh	Prevalence
dc.subject.mesh	Anxiety
dc.subject.mesh	Developing Countries
dc.subject.mesh	Poverty
dc.subject.mesh	Income
dc.subject.mesh	Female
dc.subject.mesh	Male
dc.title	Prevalence and factors associated with preoperative anxiety among patients undergoing surgery in low-income and middle-income countries: a systematic review and meta-analysis.
dc.type	Journal Article
utslib.citation.volume	12
utslib.location.activity	England
utslib.for	1103 Clinical Sciences
utslib.for	1117 Public Health and Health Services
utslib.for	1199 Other Medical and Health Sciences
pubs.organisational-group	/University of Technology Sydney
pubs.organisational-group	/University of Technology Sydney/Faculty of Health
pubs.organisational-group	/University of Technology Sydney/Faculty of Health/Public Health
utslib.copyright.status	open_access	*
dc.date.updated	2022-09-08T00:11:13Z
pubs.issue	3
pubs.publication-status	Published online
pubs.volume	12
utslib.citation.issue	3

Abstract:

OBJECTIVES: This review aimed to determine the pooled prevalence of preoperative anxiety and its associated factors among patients undergoing surgery in low/middle-income countries (LMICs). METHODS: We searched PubMed, SCOPUS, CINAHL, Embase and PsychINFO to identify peer-reviewed studies on the prevalence and factors associated with preoperative anxiety among patients undergoing surgery using predefined eligibility criteria. Studies were pooled to estimate the prevalence of preoperative anxiety using a random-effect meta-analysis model. Heterogeneity was assessed using I² statistics. Funnel plot asymmetry and Egger's regression tests were used to check for publication bias. RESULT: Our search identified 2110 studies, of which 27 studies from 12 countries with 5575 participants were included in the final meta-analysis. Of the total 27 studies, 11 used the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory to screen anxiety, followed by the Amsterdam Preoperative Anxiety and Information scale, used by four studies. The pooled prevalence of preoperative anxiety among patients undergoing surgery in LMICs was 55.7% (95% CI 48.60 to 62.93). Our subgroup analysis found that a higher pooled prevalence of preoperative anxiety was found among female surgical patients (59.36%, 95% CI 48.16 to 70.52, I2=95.43, p<0.001) and studies conducted in Asia (62.59%, 95% CI 48.65 to 76.53, I2=97.48, p<0.001). CONCLUSION: Our meta-analysis indicated that around one in two patients undergoing surgery in LMICs suffer from preoperative anxiety, which needs due attention. Routine screening of preoperative anxiety symptoms among patients scheduled for surgery is vital. PROSPERO REGISTRATION NUMBER: CRD42020161934.

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