Autonomous mobility in the built environment
- Publisher:
- Elsevier, North Holland
- Publication Type:
- Chapter
- Citation:
- Intelligent Environments, Advanced Systems for a Healthy Planet, 2022, Second Edition, pp. 351-394
- Issue Date:
- 2022-12-09
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|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Pages from Intellligent Environments_Elsevier_9780128202487.pdf | Published version | 421.51 kB |
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Cities are inherently complex ecosystems, embodying interactions between people, technology, environments, and economics. It is critical to understand the correlation between these counterparts of the city and find value in services that can provide equitable access while acquiring an empathic quality. Empathy, herein, implies the feeling of identification and responsiveness from something or someone, in this case, mobility and modes of transport. Mobility drives critical economic factors such as productivity, economic expansion,movement of goods and services, and influences social inclusion to compete in an increasingly connected global context (Ecola et al., 2014; Rodrigue et al., 2019). Since before the horse carriage to the private car to the airplane, humankind’s attempts to enhance modes of transport have evolved significantly, with transportation and mobility becoming one of the largest and rapidly evolving economic and innovation sectors in the world
over the past century (Cornet et al., 2012). However, with the increase in our ability to choose different transport modes, growth in vehicle manufacturers and service providers, and an increase in both private ownership and shared transportation, we also witness the adverse impacts of this surge in transport options. Pervasive reliance on the major motorized mobility driver fossil fuel has not only resulted in depleting the earth of its resources but has also contributed to an increase in air pollution levels and greenhouse gas emissions, resulting in climate emergencies globally. Still 95% reliant on petroleum, global transportation has only begun to make small shifts to the electrification of vehicles (Rodrigue, 2020). An increase in ride-sharing services, such as Lyft and Uber, has also resulted in an increase in road congestion (Hiltzik, 2020). This again results in congestion, increased vehicle miles traveled as well as resultant wear and tear of infrastructure and break dust associated particulate matterdPM2.5 and PM10 discharge in the air we breathe. Besides this, transport linkages also govern urban growth and are decisive in strengthening, maintaining, or weakening social connectivity as well as an equity dimension to how, where, and who can be physically connected. Thus, it is particularly crucial that mobility, as an integral part of the city’s ecosystem, evolve from a holistic understanding of social, economic, technological, and context-aware underpinnings. This means facilitating the efficient integration of technology with contextually embedded and customer-centric services. Such services tend to be inclusive irrespective of the citizen’s
physical and mental vulnerabilities and diverse socioeconomic backgrounds. It is thus unsurprising that transport researchers undertake extensive research on pertinent aspects of mobility. These range from consumer attitudes affecting travel choices (Ye and Titheridge, 2017) to sustainable and smart mobility (Berger et al., 2014; Grant-Muller and Usher, 2014; Papa and Lauwers, 2015) to emerging technologies, such as autonomous vehicles (Burns, 2013; Shladover, 2018), automated road systems (Ioannou, 1997; Madigan et al., 2017), and integrated transport systems (ITS) (Grant-Muller and Usher, 2014; Menouar et al., 2017), mobilitydurban fabric linkages (Newman et al., 2018) to name a few.
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