Is conductivity measurement or inductively coupled plasma-atomic emission spectrometry reliable to define rejection of different ions?

Xu, S; He, R; Zhao, S; Shon, HK; He, T

Is conductivity measurement or inductively coupled plasma-atomic emission spectrometry reliable to define rejection of different ions?

Xu, S He, R Zhao, S Shon, HK He, T

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Publisher:: Elsevier
Publication Type:: Journal Article
Citation:: Desalination, 2022, 543, pp. 116097
Issue Date:: 2022-12-01

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Field	Value	Language
dc.contributor.author	Xu, S
dc.contributor.author	He, R
dc.contributor.author	Zhao, S
dc.contributor.author	Shon, HK
dc.contributor.author	He, T
dc.date.accessioned	2023-03-27T02:07:22Z
dc.date.available	2023-03-27T02:07:22Z
dc.date.issued	2022-12-01
dc.identifier.citation	Desalination, 2022, 543, pp. 116097
dc.identifier.issn	0011-9164
dc.identifier.uri	http://hdl.handle.net/10453/168524
dc.description.abstract	Rejection of single salts or ions is a basic and crucial characteristic of nanofiltration (NF) membranes. The simple and most pursued method to quantify the salt concentration has been via conductivity measurement. Pitfalls exist when ions hydrolysis or feed water contains monovalent ions. This could be explained in two possible scenarios: (1) easily hydrolyzed single salts form low charged ions and reduce feed pH, resulting in increased permeate conductivity and low nominal rejection; (2) for membranes with high multivalent ion rejections (>99%) or the concentration of target ions in feed is low, conductivity measurement results in low rejection due to the passage of monovalent ions if deionized water is used for the feed solution. A correction formula by subtracting the concentration of monovalent ions in water to obtain an accurate rejection value is proposed. This work provides an accurate, simple and robust evaluation of rejection for NF membranes, which promotes fair comparison of performance in literature, reliable analysis of separation mechanisms as well as a precise determination of product purity.
dc.language	en
dc.publisher	Elsevier
dc.relation.ispartof	Desalination
dc.relation.isbasedon	10.1016/j.desal.2022.116097
dc.rights	info:eu-repo/semantics/closedAccess
dc.subject	03 Chemical Sciences, 09 Engineering
dc.subject.classification	Chemical Engineering
dc.title	Is conductivity measurement or inductively coupled plasma-atomic emission spectrometry reliable to define rejection of different ions?
dc.type	Journal Article
utslib.citation.volume	543
utslib.for	03 Chemical Sciences
utslib.for	09 Engineering
pubs.organisational-group	/University of Technology Sydney
pubs.organisational-group	/University of Technology Sydney/Faculty of Engineering and Information Technology
pubs.organisational-group	/University of Technology Sydney/Faculty of Engineering and Information Technology/School of Civil and Environmental Engineering
pubs.organisational-group	/University of Technology Sydney/Strength - CTWW - Centre for Technology in Water and Wastewater Treatment
utslib.copyright.status	closed_access	*
dc.date.updated	2023-03-27T02:07:21Z
pubs.publication-status	Published
pubs.volume	543

Abstract:

Rejection of single salts or ions is a basic and crucial characteristic of nanofiltration (NF) membranes. The simple and most pursued method to quantify the salt concentration has been via conductivity measurement. Pitfalls exist when ions hydrolysis or feed water contains monovalent ions. This could be explained in two possible scenarios: (1) easily hydrolyzed single salts form low charged ions and reduce feed pH, resulting in increased permeate conductivity and low nominal rejection; (2) for membranes with high multivalent ion rejections (>99%) or the concentration of target ions in feed is low, conductivity measurement results in low rejection due to the passage of monovalent ions if deionized water is used for the feed solution. A correction formula by subtracting the concentration of monovalent ions in water to obtain an accurate rejection value is proposed. This work provides an accurate, simple and robust evaluation of rejection for NF membranes, which promotes fair comparison of performance in literature, reliable analysis of separation mechanisms as well as a precise determination of product purity.

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http://hdl.handle.net/10453/168524