Wastewater Hydroponics for Pollutant Removal and Food Production: Principles, Progress and Future Outlook

Mai, C; Mojiri, A; Palanisami, S; Altaee, A; Huang, Y; Zhou, JL

Wastewater Hydroponics for Pollutant Removal and Food Production: Principles, Progress and Future Outlook

Mai, C Mojiri, A Palanisami, S Altaee, A

Huang, Y

Zhou, JL

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Publisher:: MDPI
Publication Type:: Journal Article
Citation:: Water (Switzerland), 2023, 15, (14)
Issue Date:: 2023-07-01

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Field	Value	Language
dc.contributor.author	Mai, C
dc.contributor.author	Mojiri, A
dc.contributor.author	Palanisami, S
dc.contributor.author	Altaee, A https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9764-3974
dc.contributor.author	Huang, Y https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9800-8788
dc.contributor.author	Zhou, JL
dc.date.accessioned	2023-11-24T23:02:33Z
dc.date.available	2023-11-24T23:02:33Z
dc.date.issued	2023-07-01
dc.identifier.citation	Water (Switzerland), 2023, 15, (14)
dc.identifier.issn	2073-4441
dc.identifier.issn	2073-4441
dc.identifier.uri	http://hdl.handle.net/10453/173546
dc.description.abstract	As the global population reaches eight billion, large quantities of wastewater (domestic, industrial, livestock) need to be treated in an efficient, green, and environmentally friendly manner. Wastewater hydroponics technology (HP) can efficiently remove various pollutants (conventional and emerging pollutants, heavy metals, and microorganisms) and create economic benefits. This paper aims to systematically review the principles, applications, and limitations of wastewater hydroponics technology in the context of pollution and nutrient removal. Unlike constructed wetlands, wastewater hydroponics has been proven to be effective in removing pollutants through small-scale in situ restoration. For instance, the average removal of COD, total nitrogen (TN), total phosphorus (TP), copper (Cu), and zinc (Zn) was more than 70%, 60%, 80%, 64.2%, and 49.5%, respectively. However, HP technology still has the disadvantages of high energy consumption, complex control parameters, and low public acceptance of using wastewater for planting crops. Therefore, further research is needed to reduce system energy consumption. In addition, hybrid technologies, such as two-stage hydroponics that use aquatic plants (algae or aquatic floating weeds) to recycle pollutant-containing wastewater nutrients for hydroponics, should be further developed.
dc.language	English
dc.publisher	MDPI
dc.relation.ispartof	Water (Switzerland)
dc.relation.isbasedon	10.3390/w15142614
dc.rights	info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
dc.title	Wastewater Hydroponics for Pollutant Removal and Food Production: Principles, Progress and Future Outlook
dc.type	Journal Article
utslib.citation.volume	15
pubs.organisational-group	/University of Technology Sydney
pubs.organisational-group	/University of Technology Sydney/Faculty of Engineering and Information Technology
pubs.organisational-group	/University of Technology Sydney/Faculty of Engineering and Information Technology/School of Civil and Environmental Engineering
pubs.organisational-group	/University of Technology Sydney/Strength - CTWW - Centre for Technology in Water and Wastewater Treatment
utslib.copyright.status	open_access	*
dc.date.updated	2023-11-24T23:02:30Z
pubs.issue	14
pubs.publication-status	Published
pubs.volume	15
utslib.citation.issue	14

Abstract:

As the global population reaches eight billion, large quantities of wastewater (domestic, industrial, livestock) need to be treated in an efficient, green, and environmentally friendly manner. Wastewater hydroponics technology (HP) can efficiently remove various pollutants (conventional and emerging pollutants, heavy metals, and microorganisms) and create economic benefits. This paper aims to systematically review the principles, applications, and limitations of wastewater hydroponics technology in the context of pollution and nutrient removal. Unlike constructed wetlands, wastewater hydroponics has been proven to be effective in removing pollutants through small-scale in situ restoration. For instance, the average removal of COD, total nitrogen (TN), total phosphorus (TP), copper (Cu), and zinc (Zn) was more than 70%, 60%, 80%, 64.2%, and 49.5%, respectively. However, HP technology still has the disadvantages of high energy consumption, complex control parameters, and low public acceptance of using wastewater for planting crops. Therefore, further research is needed to reduce system energy consumption. In addition, hybrid technologies, such as two-stage hydroponics that use aquatic plants (algae or aquatic floating weeds) to recycle pollutant-containing wastewater nutrients for hydroponics, should be further developed.

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http://hdl.handle.net/10453/173546