Effect of hydraulic regime on sulfur-packed bed performance: Denitrification and disproportionation.

Sun, Y-L; Wei, W; Ngo, HH; Guo, WS; Zhang, X-N; Ni, B-J; Zhuang, W-Q; Wang, H-L

Effect of hydraulic regime on sulfur-packed bed performance: Denitrification and disproportionation.

Sun, Y-L Wei, W Ngo, HH Guo, WS Zhang, X-N Ni, B-J Zhuang, W-Q Wang, H-L

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Publisher:: ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE
Publication Type:: Journal Article
Citation:: Environ Res, 2023, 238, (Pt 2), pp. 117213
Issue Date:: 2023-12-01

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Field	Value	Language
dc.contributor.author	Sun, Y-L
dc.contributor.author	Wei, W
dc.contributor.author	Ngo, HH
dc.contributor.author	Guo, WS
dc.contributor.author	Zhang, X-N
dc.contributor.author	Ni, B-J
dc.contributor.author	Zhuang, W-Q
dc.contributor.author	Wang, H-L
dc.date.accessioned	2024-01-07T08:44:02Z
dc.date.available	2023-09-26
dc.date.available	2024-01-07T08:44:02Z
dc.date.issued	2023-12-01
dc.identifier.citation	Environ Res, 2023, 238, (Pt 2), pp. 117213
dc.identifier.issn	0013-9351
dc.identifier.issn	1096-0953
dc.identifier.uri	http://hdl.handle.net/10453/174060
dc.description.abstract	Sulfur-packed beds (SPBs) have been increasingly incorporated into constructed wetland systems to overcome limitations in achieving satisfactory nitrate removal efficiency. However, the underlying impact of hydraulic regimes on SPB performance remains understudied. This study investigated the performance of a pilot-scale SPB, encompassing sulfur autotrophic denitrification (SAD) and sulfur disproportionation (SDP) processes, under various horizontal flow (HF) and vertical flow (VF) regimes. The HF regime exhibited superior SAD efficiency, achieving 3.1-4.4 mg-N/L of nitrate removal compared to 0.9-2.8 mg-N/L under VF regimes. However, greater sulfide production of 3.8-5.6 mg/L was observed, in contrast to only 1.5-2.3 mg/L under VF regimes when SDP occurred. Employing current computational fluid dynamics simulations could predict general regimes but lacked precision in detailing sulfur layer dynamics. In contrast, determining the spatial distribution of SAD substrates and SDP products offered a viable solution, revealing stagnate, short-circuit, and back flows. Moreover, the feasibility of an aeration approach to reduce sulfide emissions below 0.5 mg/L in case of accidental SDP occurrence was confirmed. This study offers a method for assessing detailed hydraulic regimes within SPBs. Additionally, it provides guidance on optimizing the packing of sulfur-based materials when implementing SPBs in constructed wetland systems and presents a strategy for mitigating excessive sulfide emissions.
dc.format	Print-Electronic
dc.language	eng
dc.publisher	ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE
dc.relation.ispartof	Environ Res
dc.relation.isbasedon	10.1016/j.envres.2023.117213
dc.rights	info:eu-repo/semantics/embargoedAccess
dc.subject	03 Chemical Sciences, 05 Environmental Sciences, 06 Biological Sciences
dc.subject.classification	Toxicology
dc.subject.classification	31 Biological sciences
dc.subject.classification	34 Chemical sciences
dc.subject.classification	41 Environmental sciences
dc.subject.mesh	Nitrates
dc.subject.mesh	Denitrification
dc.subject.mesh	Sulfur
dc.subject.mesh	Wetlands
dc.subject.mesh	Sulfides
dc.subject.mesh	Bioreactors
dc.subject.mesh	Nitrogen
dc.subject.mesh	Nitrates
dc.subject.mesh	Sulfides
dc.subject.mesh	Sulfur
dc.subject.mesh	Nitrogen
dc.subject.mesh	Bioreactors
dc.subject.mesh	Wetlands
dc.subject.mesh	Denitrification
dc.subject.mesh	Nitrates
dc.subject.mesh	Denitrification
dc.subject.mesh	Sulfur
dc.subject.mesh	Wetlands
dc.subject.mesh	Sulfides
dc.subject.mesh	Bioreactors
dc.subject.mesh	Nitrogen
dc.title	Effect of hydraulic regime on sulfur-packed bed performance: Denitrification and disproportionation.
dc.type	Journal Article
utslib.citation.volume	238
utslib.location.activity	Netherlands
utslib.for	03 Chemical Sciences
utslib.for	05 Environmental Sciences
utslib.for	06 Biological Sciences
pubs.organisational-group	/University of Technology Sydney
pubs.organisational-group	/University of Technology Sydney/Faculty of Engineering and Information Technology
pubs.organisational-group	/University of Technology Sydney/Faculty of Engineering and Information Technology/School of Civil and Environmental Engineering
pubs.organisational-group	/University of Technology Sydney/Strength - CTWW - Centre for Technology in Water and Wastewater Treatment
utslib.copyright.status	embargoed	*
utslib.copyright.embargo	2025-12-01T00:00:00+1000Z
dc.date.updated	2024-01-07T08:44:01Z
pubs.issue	Pt 2
pubs.publication-status	Published
pubs.volume	238
utslib.citation.issue	Pt 2

Abstract:

Sulfur-packed beds (SPBs) have been increasingly incorporated into constructed wetland systems to overcome limitations in achieving satisfactory nitrate removal efficiency. However, the underlying impact of hydraulic regimes on SPB performance remains understudied. This study investigated the performance of a pilot-scale SPB, encompassing sulfur autotrophic denitrification (SAD) and sulfur disproportionation (SDP) processes, under various horizontal flow (HF) and vertical flow (VF) regimes. The HF regime exhibited superior SAD efficiency, achieving 3.1-4.4 mg-N/L of nitrate removal compared to 0.9-2.8 mg-N/L under VF regimes. However, greater sulfide production of 3.8-5.6 mg/L was observed, in contrast to only 1.5-2.3 mg/L under VF regimes when SDP occurred. Employing current computational fluid dynamics simulations could predict general regimes but lacked precision in detailing sulfur layer dynamics. In contrast, determining the spatial distribution of SAD substrates and SDP products offered a viable solution, revealing stagnate, short-circuit, and back flows. Moreover, the feasibility of an aeration approach to reduce sulfide emissions below 0.5 mg/L in case of accidental SDP occurrence was confirmed. This study offers a method for assessing detailed hydraulic regimes within SPBs. Additionally, it provides guidance on optimizing the packing of sulfur-based materials when implementing SPBs in constructed wetland systems and presents a strategy for mitigating excessive sulfide emissions.

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http://hdl.handle.net/10453/174060