Assembly and Competition for Virtual Power Plants With Multiple ESPs Through a “Recruitment–Participation” Approach
- Publisher:
- Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE)
- Publication Type:
- Journal Article
- Citation:
- IEEE Transactions on Power Systems, 2023, PP, (99), pp. 1-14
- Issue Date:
- 2023-01-01
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Distributed energy resource (DER) owners have many concerns when participating in virtual power plants (VPPs), including low returns and a limited variety of plans. Therefore, it lacks incentives for them to participate in VPPs. This paper proposes a flexible VPP assembly approach to recruit DERs by energy service providers (ESPs). The contributions of each ESP and DER to VPPs are evaluated separately as the basis for a fair payoff allocation. Rebates are adopted to incentivize DER owners to participate in the VPPs. Based on the above fundamentals, a multi-ESP VPP assembly and competition method are proposed and simulated, considering diverse preference behaviors and electricity price fluctuations. The existence of the solution to the proposed multi-ESP VPP rebate competition problem is discussed. Case studies are conducted to simulate a 35-VPP assembly and disassembly process and a 6-ESP rebate competition process. The results indicate that DER owners are motivated to participate in VPPs with high payoffs, and the payoffs of ESPs increase by attracting more customers.
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