Non-Abelian braiding of graph vertices in a superconducting processor.

Google Quantum AI and Collaborators,

Non-Abelian braiding of graph vertices in a superconducting processor.

Google Quantum AI and Collaborators,

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Publisher:: NATURE PORTFOLIO
Publication Type:: Journal Article
Citation:: Nature, 2023, 618, (7964), pp. 264-269
Issue Date:: 2023-06

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Field	Value	Language
dc.contributor.author	Google Quantum AI and Collaborators,
dc.date.accessioned	2024-03-06T02:16:12Z
dc.date.available	2023-03-14
dc.date.available	2024-03-06T02:16:12Z
dc.date.issued	2023-06
dc.identifier.citation	Nature, 2023, 618, (7964), pp. 264-269
dc.identifier.issn	0028-0836
dc.identifier.issn	1476-4687
dc.identifier.uri	http://hdl.handle.net/10453/176181
dc.description.abstract	Indistinguishability of particles is a fundamental principle of quantum mechanics1. For all elementary and quasiparticles observed to date-including fermions, bosons and Abelian anyons-this principle guarantees that the braiding of identical particles leaves the system unchanged2,3. However, in two spatial dimensions, an intriguing possibility exists: braiding of non-Abelian anyons causes rotations in a space of topologically degenerate wavefunctions4-8. Hence, it can change the observables of the system without violating the principle of indistinguishability. Despite the well-developed mathematical description of non-Abelian anyons and numerous theoretical proposals9-22, the experimental observation of their exchange statistics has remained elusive for decades. Controllable many-body quantum states generated on quantum processors offer another path for exploring these fundamental phenomena. Whereas efforts on conventional solid-state platforms typically involve Hamiltonian dynamics of quasiparticles, superconducting quantum processors allow for directly manipulating the many-body wavefunction by means of unitary gates. Building on predictions that stabilizer codes can host projective non-Abelian Ising anyons9,10, we implement a generalized stabilizer code and unitary protocol23 to create and braid them. This allows us to experimentally verify the fusion rules of the anyons and braid them to realize their statistics. We then study the prospect of using the anyons for quantum computation and use braiding to create an entangled state of anyons encoding three logical qubits. Our work provides new insights about non-Abelian braiding and, through the future inclusion of error correction to achieve topological protection, could open a path towards fault-tolerant quantum computing.
dc.format	Print-Electronic
dc.language	eng
dc.publisher	NATURE PORTFOLIO
dc.relation.ispartof	Nature
dc.relation.isbasedon	10.1038/s41586-023-05954-4
dc.rights	info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
dc.subject.classification	General Science & Technology
dc.title	Non-Abelian braiding of graph vertices in a superconducting processor.
dc.type	Journal Article
utslib.citation.volume	618
utslib.location.activity	England
pubs.organisational-group	University of Technology Sydney
pubs.organisational-group	University of Technology Sydney/Faculty of Engineering and Information Technology
pubs.organisational-group	University of Technology Sydney/Strength - QSI - Centre for Quantum Software and Information
pubs.organisational-group	University of Technology Sydney/Faculty of Engineering and Information Technology/School of Computer Science
utslib.copyright.status	open_access	*
dc.date.updated	2024-03-06T02:15:57Z
pubs.issue	7964
pubs.publication-status	Published
pubs.volume	618
utslib.citation.issue	7964

Abstract:

Indistinguishability of particles is a fundamental principle of quantum mechanics1. For all elementary and quasiparticles observed to date-including fermions, bosons and Abelian anyons-this principle guarantees that the braiding of identical particles leaves the system unchanged2,3. However, in two spatial dimensions, an intriguing possibility exists: braiding of non-Abelian anyons causes rotations in a space of topologically degenerate wavefunctions4-8. Hence, it can change the observables of the system without violating the principle of indistinguishability. Despite the well-developed mathematical description of non-Abelian anyons and numerous theoretical proposals9-22, the experimental observation of their exchange statistics has remained elusive for decades. Controllable many-body quantum states generated on quantum processors offer another path for exploring these fundamental phenomena. Whereas efforts on conventional solid-state platforms typically involve Hamiltonian dynamics of quasiparticles, superconducting quantum processors allow for directly manipulating the many-body wavefunction by means of unitary gates. Building on predictions that stabilizer codes can host projective non-Abelian Ising anyons9,10, we implement a generalized stabilizer code and unitary protocol23 to create and braid them. This allows us to experimentally verify the fusion rules of the anyons and braid them to realize their statistics. We then study the prospect of using the anyons for quantum computation and use braiding to create an entangled state of anyons encoding three logical qubits. Our work provides new insights about non-Abelian braiding and, through the future inclusion of error correction to achieve topological protection, could open a path towards fault-tolerant quantum computing.

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http://hdl.handle.net/10453/176181