A GNN-Enabled Multipath Routing Algorithm for Spatial-Temporal Varying LEO Satellite Networks

Huang, Y; Yang, D; Feng, B; Tian, A; Dong, P; Yu, S; Zhang, H

A GNN-Enabled Multipath Routing Algorithm for Spatial-Temporal Varying LEO Satellite Networks

Huang, Y Yang, D Feng, B Tian, A Dong, P Yu, S

Zhang, H

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Publisher:: Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE)
Publication Type:: Journal Article
Citation:: IEEE Transactions on Vehicular Technology, 2023, PP, (99), pp. 1-15
Issue Date:: 2023-01-01

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Field	Value	Language
dc.contributor.author	Huang, Y
dc.contributor.author	Yang, D
dc.contributor.author	Feng, B
dc.contributor.author	Tian, A
dc.contributor.author	Dong, P
dc.contributor.author	Yu, S https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4485-6743
dc.contributor.author	Zhang, H
dc.date.accessioned	2024-03-11T23:30:35Z
dc.date.available	2024-03-11T23:30:35Z
dc.date.issued	2023-01-01
dc.identifier.citation	IEEE Transactions on Vehicular Technology, 2023, PP, (99), pp. 1-15
dc.identifier.issn	0018-9545
dc.identifier.issn	1939-9359
dc.identifier.uri	http://hdl.handle.net/10453/176505
dc.description.abstract	Low Earth Orbit (LEO) satellite networks have recently been regarded as a promising solution to provide ubiquitous user access and flexible content delivery. To meet the increasing demands of satellite services, multipath routing is leveraged to transmit each flow via multiple transmission paths concurrently. However, dynamically changed satellite topologies have brought challenges to multipath route planning and traffic splitting among different paths. Thus, in the paper, we propose a GNN-enabled Multipath Routing (GMR) scheme to maximize the network efficiency. Particularly, we firstly formulate the mutipath routing issue as a stochastic optimization problem under the bandwidth limitation and flow conservation constraint, and further present a Link Disjoint Multipath Routing (LDMR) scheme for the central route calculation, where available transmission paths and uneven traffic density are jointly considered to maximize the link utilization. Then, to balance the load distribution of different paths, a GNN-based MultiPath Traffic Engineering (GNN-MPTE) algorithm is designed for dynamic flow splitting based on estimated path quality. Finally, we implement the proposed GMR scheme and corresponding algorithms in Network Simulator NS-3 and make comparisons with other benchmarks. Simulation results demonstrate that the proposed GNN-MPTE can be extended to arbitrary inclined/polar orbit constellations without repetitive training, and significantly prompt the transmission quality including average delay, throughput, and flow completion ratio.
dc.language	en
dc.publisher	Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE)
dc.relation.ispartof	IEEE Transactions on Vehicular Technology
dc.relation.isbasedon	10.1109/TVT.2023.3333848
dc.rights	info:eu-repo/semantics/closedAccess
dc.subject	08 Information and Computing Sciences, 09 Engineering, 10 Technology
dc.subject.classification	Automobile Design & Engineering
dc.subject.classification	40 Engineering
dc.subject.classification	46 Information and computing sciences
dc.title	A GNN-Enabled Multipath Routing Algorithm for Spatial-Temporal Varying LEO Satellite Networks
dc.type	Journal Article
utslib.citation.volume	PP
utslib.for	08 Information and Computing Sciences
utslib.for	09 Engineering
utslib.for	10 Technology
pubs.organisational-group	University of Technology Sydney
pubs.organisational-group	University of Technology Sydney/Faculty of Engineering and Information Technology
pubs.organisational-group	University of Technology Sydney/Faculty of Engineering and Information Technology/School of Computer Science
pubs.organisational-group	University of Technology Sydney/Strength - CCSP - Centre for Cyber Security and Privacy
utslib.copyright.status	closed_access	*
dc.date.updated	2024-03-11T23:30:34Z
pubs.issue	99
pubs.publication-status	Published
pubs.volume	PP
utslib.citation.issue	99

Abstract:

Low Earth Orbit (LEO) satellite networks have recently been regarded as a promising solution to provide ubiquitous user access and flexible content delivery. To meet the increasing demands of satellite services, multipath routing is leveraged to transmit each flow via multiple transmission paths concurrently. However, dynamically changed satellite topologies have brought challenges to multipath route planning and traffic splitting among different paths. Thus, in the paper, we propose a GNN-enabled Multipath Routing (GMR) scheme to maximize the network efficiency. Particularly, we firstly formulate the mutipath routing issue as a stochastic optimization problem under the bandwidth limitation and flow conservation constraint, and further present a Link Disjoint Multipath Routing (LDMR) scheme for the central route calculation, where available transmission paths and uneven traffic density are jointly considered to maximize the link utilization. Then, to balance the load distribution of different paths, a GNN-based MultiPath Traffic Engineering (GNN-MPTE) algorithm is designed for dynamic flow splitting based on estimated path quality. Finally, we implement the proposed GMR scheme and corresponding algorithms in Network Simulator NS-3 and make comparisons with other benchmarks. Simulation results demonstrate that the proposed GNN-MPTE can be extended to arbitrary inclined/polar orbit constellations without repetitive training, and significantly prompt the transmission quality including average delay, throughput, and flow completion ratio.

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http://hdl.handle.net/10453/176505