A novel development of HPC without cement: Mechanical properties and sustainability evaluation

Mostafaei, H; Bahmani, H; Mostofinejad, D; Wu, C

A novel development of HPC without cement: Mechanical properties and sustainability evaluation

Mostafaei, H Bahmani, H Mostofinejad, D Wu, C

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Publisher:: ELSEVIER
Publication Type:: Journal Article
Citation:: Journal of Building Engineering, 2023, 76
Issue Date:: 2023-10-01

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Field	Value	Language
dc.contributor.author	Mostafaei, H
dc.contributor.author	Bahmani, H
dc.contributor.author	Mostofinejad, D
dc.contributor.author	Wu, C https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8907-8493
dc.date.accessioned	2024-03-18T19:25:45Z
dc.date.available	2024-03-18T19:25:45Z
dc.date.issued	2023-10-01
dc.identifier.citation	Journal of Building Engineering, 2023, 76
dc.identifier.issn	2352-7102
dc.identifier.issn	2352-7102
dc.identifier.uri	http://hdl.handle.net/10453/176881
dc.description.abstract	In the current study, a new type of high-performance concrete (HPC) called HPC-CAS (calcium oxide-activated slag) is presented. The HPC-CAS is made from calcium oxide-activated slag and is reinforced with steel, basalt, and recycled polyethylene terephthalate (PET) fibers to make it less brittle. To assess the mechanical properties of the samples, five mix designs were produced, including HPC, HPC-CAS without reinforcement, and HPC-CAS reinforced with fibers. Compressive, splitting tensile, and flexural strengths were then determined. In addition, the study evaluated the environmental impact of different mix designs using two methods: IMPACT 2002+ and CML baseline 2000. The findings indicate that in HPC-CAS, calcium oxide serves as the activator for slag, resulting in a compressive strength of 105 MPa, which is only 4.54% lower than that of HPC. Notably, incorporating steel and recycled PET fibers addresses the issue of brittle fracture in HPC and HPC-CAS samples, leading to compressive strengths of 121 MPa and 78 MPa, respectively. When compared to samples without fibers, the inclusion of steel, basalt, and recycled PET fibers in HPC-CAS resulted in improved splitting tensile strengths of 159%, 89%, and 55%, respectively. The samples containing steel, basalt, and recycled PET fibers also revealed flexural strengths with 3.68 and 1.20 times, and 31% increase, respectively, as compared to those without fibers. Overall, the incorporation of fibers significantly enhanced the brittle behavior of the HPC-CAS geopolymer matrix. However, it is important to note that the addition of 3% fibers to HPC-CAS resulted in higher environmental impacts in all categories as compared to HPC-CAS without fibers. Furthermore, the embodied carbon footprint associated with the production of HPC-CAS was found to be significantly lower, with a reduction of approximately 61%. Furthermore, when comparing HPC-CAS to HPC, it is evident that HPC-CAS exhibits decreased adverse effects on human health, ecosystem quality, and resource utilization.
dc.language	English
dc.publisher	ELSEVIER
dc.relation.ispartof	Journal of Building Engineering
dc.relation.isbasedon	10.1016/j.jobe.2023.107262
dc.rights	info:eu-repo/semantics/closedAccess
dc.subject	0905 Civil Engineering, 1201 Architecture, 1202 Building
dc.subject.classification	3302 Building
dc.subject.classification	4005 Civil engineering
dc.title	A novel development of HPC without cement: Mechanical properties and sustainability evaluation
dc.type	Journal Article
utslib.citation.volume	76
utslib.for	0905 Civil Engineering
utslib.for	1201 Architecture
utslib.for	1202 Building
pubs.organisational-group	University of Technology Sydney
pubs.organisational-group	University of Technology Sydney/Faculty of Engineering and Information Technology
pubs.organisational-group	University of Technology Sydney/Faculty of Engineering and Information Technology/School of Civil and Environmental Engineering
pubs.organisational-group	University of Technology Sydney/Strength - CBI - Centre for Built Infrastructure
utslib.copyright.status	closed_access	*
dc.date.updated	2024-03-18T19:25:39Z
pubs.publication-status	Published
pubs.volume	76

Abstract:

In the current study, a new type of high-performance concrete (HPC) called HPC-CAS (calcium oxide-activated slag) is presented. The HPC-CAS is made from calcium oxide-activated slag and is reinforced with steel, basalt, and recycled polyethylene terephthalate (PET) fibers to make it less brittle. To assess the mechanical properties of the samples, five mix designs were produced, including HPC, HPC-CAS without reinforcement, and HPC-CAS reinforced with fibers. Compressive, splitting tensile, and flexural strengths were then determined. In addition, the study evaluated the environmental impact of different mix designs using two methods: IMPACT 2002+ and CML baseline 2000. The findings indicate that in HPC-CAS, calcium oxide serves as the activator for slag, resulting in a compressive strength of 105 MPa, which is only 4.54% lower than that of HPC. Notably, incorporating steel and recycled PET fibers addresses the issue of brittle fracture in HPC and HPC-CAS samples, leading to compressive strengths of 121 MPa and 78 MPa, respectively. When compared to samples without fibers, the inclusion of steel, basalt, and recycled PET fibers in HPC-CAS resulted in improved splitting tensile strengths of 159%, 89%, and 55%, respectively. The samples containing steel, basalt, and recycled PET fibers also revealed flexural strengths with 3.68 and 1.20 times, and 31% increase, respectively, as compared to those without fibers. Overall, the incorporation of fibers significantly enhanced the brittle behavior of the HPC-CAS geopolymer matrix. However, it is important to note that the addition of 3% fibers to HPC-CAS resulted in higher environmental impacts in all categories as compared to HPC-CAS without fibers. Furthermore, the embodied carbon footprint associated with the production of HPC-CAS was found to be significantly lower, with a reduction of approximately 61%. Furthermore, when comparing HPC-CAS to HPC, it is evident that HPC-CAS exhibits decreased adverse effects on human health, ecosystem quality, and resource utilization.

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http://hdl.handle.net/10453/176881