Day-ahead photovoltaic power forecasting using hybrid K-Means++ and improved deep neural network

Publisher:
Elsevier
Publication Type:
Journal Article
Citation:
Measurement: Journal of the International Measurement Confederation, 2023, 220, pp. 113208
Issue Date:
2023-10-01
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The relationship between environmental factors with the power output of photovoltaic (PV) stations is unclear due to the non-linear characteristics of PV systems, which is challenging for PV power forecasting technology. To cope with these challenges, a hybrid forecasting approach called hybrid K-Means++ and Deep Neural Network with input and output adjusting structures (K-IAOA-DNN) is proposed to accurately predict PV power output. The proposed forecasting approach designs several features for K-Means++ to search for similar samples, reducing the complexity of the following forecasting model. Due to changeable environmental conditions and characteristics of PV systems like degradation, the prediction result of a forecasting model may deviate from the expected one. Therefore, IAOA-DNN model is developed by using a DNN adopting the two proposed structures e.g., the input adjusting structure and the output adjusting structure. The input adjusting structure uses several trainable parameters to determine the importance of each meteorological input for further feature extracting by DNN. The output structure in the prediction model is used for analyzing features extracted from DNN to generate a scalar factor fine-tuning the output of DNN. Additionally, the proposed method provides more accurate forecasting results with average RMSE, NRMSE, and MAE values of 14.43, 0.048, and 9.53 kW, respectively.
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