Experimental and numerical studies of the evaporation and combustion characteristics of large-angle impinging sprays

Li, X; Wang, Z; Hu, Y; Huang, Y; Xiang, L; Cheng, X

Experimental and numerical studies of the evaporation and combustion characteristics of large-angle impinging sprays

Li, X Wang, Z Hu, Y Huang, Y

Xiang, L Cheng, X

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Publisher:: Elsevier
Publication Type:: Journal Article
Citation:: Applied Thermal Engineering, 2024, 246, pp. 122918
Issue Date:: 2024-06-01

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Field	Value	Language
dc.contributor.author	Li, X
dc.contributor.author	Wang, Z
dc.contributor.author	Hu, Y
dc.contributor.author	Huang, Y https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9800-8788
dc.contributor.author	Xiang, L
dc.contributor.author	Cheng, X
dc.date.accessioned	2024-05-22T05:03:37Z
dc.date.available	2024-05-22T05:03:37Z
dc.date.issued	2024-06-01
dc.identifier.citation	Applied Thermal Engineering, 2024, 246, pp. 122918
dc.identifier.issn	1359-4311
dc.identifier.uri	http://hdl.handle.net/10453/179129
dc.description.abstract	To achieve a large fuel injection mass per cycle, using one injector will need a large nozzle, which may lead to combustion deterioration in high power density (HPD) engines. Therefore, two-injector method was adopted and then impinging sprays by two injectors were developed to promote the air/fuel mixing and combustion performance. This study investigated the spray, evaporation, ignition and soot emission characteristics of twin injectors at different impinging angles (90°, 120°, 150°, and 180°) using various high-speed imaging techniques in a constant volume chamber. Further, CFD simulations were performed to analyze the impinging sprays under HPD condition. Innovatively, a kinetic energy loss model for impinging sprays was proposed to quantify the effect of spray impingement. The results showed that the turbulent kinetic energy increased with the impinging angle, and the kinetic energy loss at any angle could be predicted by the kinetic energy loss of 180° impinging spray. The kinetic energy loss model better characterized the spray impingement process, and then more accurately predicted the atomization quality and mixing capacity compared with spray volume. Spray impingement changed fuel and soot distributions, the peak soot mass decreased with the impinging angle, which was reduced by 36.8 %, 39.8 %, 44.4 % and 45.9 % at 90 ∼ 180° impinging sprays, respectively, comparing to the single spray. These findings recommended that using a large impinging spray angle in real HPD engines can promote spray atomization and reduce soot formation.
dc.language	en
dc.publisher	Elsevier
dc.relation	http://purl.org/au-research/grants/arc/DE220100552
dc.relation.ispartof	Applied Thermal Engineering
dc.relation.isbasedon	10.1016/j.applthermaleng.2024.122918
dc.rights	info:eu-repo/semantics/embargoedAccess
dc.subject	0913 Mechanical Engineering, 0915 Interdisciplinary Engineering
dc.subject.classification	Energy
dc.subject.classification	4012 Fluid mechanics and thermal engineering
dc.subject.classification	4017 Mechanical engineering
dc.title	Experimental and numerical studies of the evaporation and combustion characteristics of large-angle impinging sprays
dc.type	Journal Article
utslib.citation.volume	246
utslib.for	0913 Mechanical Engineering
utslib.for	0915 Interdisciplinary Engineering
pubs.organisational-group	University of Technology Sydney
pubs.organisational-group	University of Technology Sydney/Faculty of Engineering and Information Technology
pubs.organisational-group	University of Technology Sydney/Faculty of Engineering and Information Technology/School of Civil and Environmental Engineering
pubs.organisational-group	University of Technology Sydney/Strength - CGT - Centre for Green Technology
utslib.copyright.status	embargoed	*
utslib.copyright.embargo	2026-06-01T00:00:00+1000Z
dc.date.updated	2024-05-22T05:03:36Z
pubs.publication-status	Accepted
pubs.volume	246

Abstract:

To achieve a large fuel injection mass per cycle, using one injector will need a large nozzle, which may lead to combustion deterioration in high power density (HPD) engines. Therefore, two-injector method was adopted and then impinging sprays by two injectors were developed to promote the air/fuel mixing and combustion performance. This study investigated the spray, evaporation, ignition and soot emission characteristics of twin injectors at different impinging angles (90°, 120°, 150°, and 180°) using various high-speed imaging techniques in a constant volume chamber. Further, CFD simulations were performed to analyze the impinging sprays under HPD condition. Innovatively, a kinetic energy loss model for impinging sprays was proposed to quantify the effect of spray impingement. The results showed that the turbulent kinetic energy increased with the impinging angle, and the kinetic energy loss at any angle could be predicted by the kinetic energy loss of 180° impinging spray. The kinetic energy loss model better characterized the spray impingement process, and then more accurately predicted the atomization quality and mixing capacity compared with spray volume. Spray impingement changed fuel and soot distributions, the peak soot mass decreased with the impinging angle, which was reduced by 36.8 %, 39.8 %, 44.4 % and 45.9 % at 90 ∼ 180° impinging sprays, respectively, comparing to the single spray. These findings recommended that using a large impinging spray angle in real HPD engines can promote spray atomization and reduce soot formation.

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http://hdl.handle.net/10453/179129