Additively Manufactured Wideband Low-Profile Bidirectional 2-D Beam-Scanning Antenna Using Double Folded Transmitarrays with Curved Polarizers

Zhai, Z; Lin, F; Yang, Y; Sun, H

Additively Manufactured Wideband Low-Profile Bidirectional 2-D Beam-Scanning Antenna Using Double Folded Transmitarrays with Curved Polarizers

Zhai, Z Lin, F Yang, Y

Sun, H

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Publisher:: IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC
Publication Type:: Journal Article
Citation:: IEEE Transactions on Antennas and Propagation, 2024, 72, (1), pp. 476-486
Issue Date:: 2024-01-01

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Field	Value	Language
dc.contributor.author	Zhai, Z
dc.contributor.author	Lin, F
dc.contributor.author	Yang, Y https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7439-2156
dc.contributor.author	Sun, H
dc.date.accessioned	2024-06-19T10:11:46Z
dc.date.available	2024-06-19T10:11:46Z
dc.date.issued	2024-01-01
dc.identifier.citation	IEEE Transactions on Antennas and Propagation, 2024, 72, (1), pp. 476-486
dc.identifier.issn	0018-926X
dc.identifier.issn	1558-2221
dc.identifier.uri	http://hdl.handle.net/10453/179576
dc.description.abstract	This article presents a wideband low-profile bidirectional 2-D beam-scanning antenna for millimeter-wave applications. It achieves independently controlled bidirectional beams by two orthogonally mirrored folded transmitarrays (TAs) overlapping in space, significantly reducing the antenna profile. The folded TA consists of a feed source, a curved polarizer, and a receive-transmit (R-T) array. The feed source is realized by an all-metal wideband miniaturized magnetoelectric (ME) dipole based on the metal 3-D-printing technique. The curved metal grating acts as a polarizer, which achieves reflection and transmission for ${y}$ -polarized and ${x}$ -polarized waves, respectively. Using the additively manufactured electronics (AME) technique, the R-T array element is realized by two wideband tightly coupled bow-tie dipole antennas connected by a pair of differential microstrip-line phase shifters with true-time delay and continuous 360° tuning range. Finally, 2-D beam scanning with constant beam direction across the operation band is achieved by adjusting the polarizer along the ${x}$ - and ${y}$ -directions. The height diameter ratio ( ${H}/{D}$ ) is 0.5, while the measured 2-D bidirectional beam scanning range covers ±10° in both the E- and H-planes within 27-39 GHz, with a maximum scan loss of 1.9 dB. The measured peak gain is 27.1 dBi, and the maximum aperture efficiency is 53.4%. The measured 1- and 3-dB overlapped gain bandwidths for 0° and 180° beams are 30-36.2 (18.7%) and 27-40 GHz (38.8%), respectively.
dc.language	English
dc.publisher	IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC
dc.relation	http://purl.org/au-research/grants/arc/LE220100035
dc.relation	http://purl.org/au-research/grants/arc/LP210300004
dc.relation.ispartof	IEEE Transactions on Antennas and Propagation
dc.relation.isbasedon	10.1109/TAP.2023.3322553
dc.rights	info:eu-repo/semantics/embargoedAccess
dc.subject	0906 Electrical and Electronic Engineering, 1005 Communications Technologies
dc.subject.classification	Networking & Telecommunications
dc.subject.classification	4006 Communications engineering
dc.subject.classification	4008 Electrical engineering
dc.subject.classification	4009 Electronics, sensors and digital hardware
dc.title	Additively Manufactured Wideband Low-Profile Bidirectional 2-D Beam-Scanning Antenna Using Double Folded Transmitarrays with Curved Polarizers
dc.type	Journal Article
utslib.citation.volume	72
utslib.for	0906 Electrical and Electronic Engineering
utslib.for	1005 Communications Technologies
pubs.organisational-group	University of Technology Sydney
pubs.organisational-group	University of Technology Sydney/Faculty of Engineering and Information Technology
pubs.organisational-group	University of Technology Sydney/Faculty of Engineering and Information Technology/School of Electrical and Data Engineering
utslib.copyright.status	open_access	*
utslib.copyright.embargo	2026-01-01T00:00:00+1000Z
dc.date.updated	2024-06-19T10:11:45Z
pubs.issue	1
pubs.publication-status	Published
pubs.volume	72
utslib.citation.issue	1

Abstract:

This article presents a wideband low-profile bidirectional 2-D beam-scanning antenna for millimeter-wave applications. It achieves independently controlled bidirectional beams by two orthogonally mirrored folded transmitarrays (TAs) overlapping in space, significantly reducing the antenna profile. The folded TA consists of a feed source, a curved polarizer, and a receive-transmit (R-T) array. The feed source is realized by an all-metal wideband miniaturized magnetoelectric (ME) dipole based on the metal 3-D-printing technique. The curved metal grating acts as a polarizer, which achieves reflection and transmission for ${y}$ -polarized and ${x}$ -polarized waves, respectively. Using the additively manufactured electronics (AME) technique, the R-T array element is realized by two wideband tightly coupled bow-tie dipole antennas connected by a pair of differential microstrip-line phase shifters with true-time delay and continuous 360° tuning range. Finally, 2-D beam scanning with constant beam direction across the operation band is achieved by adjusting the polarizer along the ${x}$ - and ${y}$ -directions. The height diameter ratio ( ${H}/{D}$ ) is 0.5, while the measured 2-D bidirectional beam scanning range covers ±10° in both the E- and H-planes within 27-39 GHz, with a maximum scan loss of 1.9 dB. The measured peak gain is 27.1 dBi, and the maximum aperture efficiency is 53.4%. The measured 1- and 3-dB overlapped gain bandwidths for 0° and 180° beams are 30-36.2 (18.7%) and 27-40 GHz (38.8%), respectively.

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http://hdl.handle.net/10453/179576