Insomnia and its risk factors in patients with type 2 diabetes: A cross-sectional study.

Li, L; Xu, D; Xu, M; Ji, Y; Lou, Z; Sun, J

Insomnia and its risk factors in patients with type 2 diabetes: A cross-sectional study.

Li, L Xu, D Xu, M Ji, Y Lou, Z Sun, J

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Publisher:: ELSEVIER
Publication Type:: Journal Article
Citation:: Sleep Med, 2025, 131, pp. 106484
Issue Date:: 2025-07

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Field	Value	Language
dc.contributor.author	Li, L
dc.contributor.author	Xu, D
dc.contributor.author	Xu, M
dc.contributor.author	Ji, Y
dc.contributor.author	Lou, Z
dc.contributor.author	Sun, J https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0097-2438
dc.date.accessioned	2026-01-28T07:51:32Z
dc.date.available	2025-03-27
dc.date.available	2026-01-28T07:51:32Z
dc.date.issued	2025-07
dc.identifier.citation	Sleep Med, 2025, 131, pp. 106484
dc.identifier.issn	1389-9457
dc.identifier.issn	1878-5506
dc.identifier.uri	http://hdl.handle.net/10453/192494
dc.description.abstract	AIMS: Insomnia is notably prevalent among individuals with type 2 diabetes and adversely affects both glycemic control and overall quality-of-life. The objective of this study was to evaluate the possible risk factors for insomnia in patients diagnosed with type 2 diabetes and co-morbid insomnia. METHODS: This is a baseline study analyzing cross-sectional data at baseline timepoint collected in a randomized controlled trial study. A total of 227 participants with type 2 diabetes and insomnia were recruited. The diagnosis of insomnia was based on Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fifth Edition and the total score of Insomnia Severity Index. Multiple linear regression model was used to analyze the possible biomedical and mental health risk factors for insomnia severity, total sleep time, sleep efficiency and sleep onset latency. RESULTS: Factors significantly associated with insomnia severity included fasting blood glucose and depression. Blood magnesium level was related to total sleep time. Sleep efficiency was associated with blood phosphorus. Factors related to sleep onset latency were depression and fatigue. CONCLUSION: Factors related to high insomnia severity and poor sleep quality in type 2 diabetes patients with insomnia included fasting blood glucose, blood magnesium, blood phosphorus, depression and fatigue.
dc.format	Print-Electronic
dc.language	eng
dc.publisher	ELSEVIER
dc.relation.ispartof	Sleep Med
dc.relation.isbasedon	10.1016/j.sleep.2025.106484
dc.rights	info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
dc.subject	1103 Clinical Sciences, 1701 Psychology
dc.subject.classification	Neurology & Neurosurgery
dc.subject.classification	3202 Clinical sciences
dc.subject.classification	5203 Clinical and health psychology
dc.subject.mesh	Humans
dc.subject.mesh	Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2
dc.subject.mesh	Sleep Initiation and Maintenance Disorders
dc.subject.mesh	Cross-Sectional Studies
dc.subject.mesh	Male
dc.subject.mesh	Female
dc.subject.mesh	Risk Factors
dc.subject.mesh	Middle Aged
dc.subject.mesh	Blood Glucose
dc.subject.mesh	Depression
dc.subject.mesh	Aged
dc.subject.mesh	Magnesium
dc.subject.mesh	Severity of Illness Index
dc.subject.mesh	Fatigue
dc.subject.mesh	Sleep Quality
dc.subject.mesh	Humans
dc.subject.mesh	Sleep Initiation and Maintenance Disorders
dc.subject.mesh	Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2
dc.subject.mesh	Fatigue
dc.subject.mesh	Magnesium
dc.subject.mesh	Blood Glucose
dc.subject.mesh	Severity of Illness Index
dc.subject.mesh	Risk Factors
dc.subject.mesh	Cross-Sectional Studies
dc.subject.mesh	Depression
dc.subject.mesh	Aged
dc.subject.mesh	Middle Aged
dc.subject.mesh	Female
dc.subject.mesh	Male
dc.subject.mesh	Sleep Quality
dc.subject.mesh	Humans
dc.subject.mesh	Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2
dc.subject.mesh	Sleep Initiation and Maintenance Disorders
dc.subject.mesh	Cross-Sectional Studies
dc.subject.mesh	Male
dc.subject.mesh	Female
dc.subject.mesh	Risk Factors
dc.subject.mesh	Middle Aged
dc.subject.mesh	Blood Glucose
dc.subject.mesh	Depression
dc.subject.mesh	Aged
dc.subject.mesh	Magnesium
dc.subject.mesh	Severity of Illness Index
dc.subject.mesh	Fatigue
dc.subject.mesh	Sleep Quality
dc.title	Insomnia and its risk factors in patients with type 2 diabetes: A cross-sectional study.
dc.type	Journal Article
utslib.citation.volume	131
utslib.location.activity	Netherlands
utslib.for	1103 Clinical Sciences
utslib.for	1701 Psychology
pubs.organisational-group	University of Technology Sydney
pubs.organisational-group	University of Technology Sydney/Faculty of Engineering and Information Technology
utslib.copyright.status	open_access	*
dc.rights.license	This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (CC BY 4.0). To view a copy of this license, visit https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
dc.date.updated	2026-01-28T07:51:30Z
pubs.publication-status	Published
pubs.volume	131

Abstract:

AIMS: Insomnia is notably prevalent among individuals with type 2 diabetes and adversely affects both glycemic control and overall quality-of-life. The objective of this study was to evaluate the possible risk factors for insomnia in patients diagnosed with type 2 diabetes and co-morbid insomnia. METHODS: This is a baseline study analyzing cross-sectional data at baseline timepoint collected in a randomized controlled trial study. A total of 227 participants with type 2 diabetes and insomnia were recruited. The diagnosis of insomnia was based on Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fifth Edition and the total score of Insomnia Severity Index. Multiple linear regression model was used to analyze the possible biomedical and mental health risk factors for insomnia severity, total sleep time, sleep efficiency and sleep onset latency. RESULTS: Factors significantly associated with insomnia severity included fasting blood glucose and depression. Blood magnesium level was related to total sleep time. Sleep efficiency was associated with blood phosphorus. Factors related to sleep onset latency were depression and fatigue. CONCLUSION: Factors related to high insomnia severity and poor sleep quality in type 2 diabetes patients with insomnia included fasting blood glucose, blood magnesium, blood phosphorus, depression and fatigue.

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http://hdl.handle.net/10453/192494