An Analysis of Input-Output Relations in Interaction with Smart Tangible Objects

Van De Garde-Perik, E; Offermans, S; Van Boerdonk, K; Lenssen, K; van den Hoven, E

An Analysis of Input-Output Relations in Interaction with Smart Tangible Objects

Van De Garde-Perik, E Offermans, S Van Boerdonk, K Lenssen, K van den Hoven, E

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Publisher:: ACM
Publication Type:: Journal Article
Citation:: Van De Garde-Perik, Evelien et al. 2013, 'An Analysis of Input-Output Relations in Interaction with Smart Tangible Objects', ACM Transactions on Interactive Intelligent Systems (TiiS), vol. 3, no. 2, pp. 9-1-9-20.
Issue Date:: 2013

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Field	Value	Language
dc.contributor.author	Van De Garde-Perik, E	en_US
dc.contributor.author	Offermans, S	en_US
dc.contributor.author	Van Boerdonk, K	en_US
dc.contributor.author	Lenssen, K	en_US
dc.contributor.author	van den Hoven, E	en_US
dc.date.accessioned	2014-04-14T02:46:09Z
dc.date.available	2014-04-14T02:46:09Z
dc.date.issued	2013	en_US
dc.identifier	2012006984	en_US
dc.identifier.citation	Van De Garde-Perik, Evelien et al. 2013, 'An Analysis of Input-Output Relations in Interaction with Smart Tangible Objects', ACM Transactions on Interactive Intelligent Systems (TiiS), vol. 3, no. 2, pp. 9-1-9-20.	en_US
dc.identifier.issn	2160-6455	en_US
dc.identifier.other	C1	en_US
dc.identifier.uri	http://hdl.handle.net/10453/26547
dc.description.abstract	This article focuses on the conceptual relation between the user?s input and a system?s output in interaction with smart tangible objects. Understanding this input-output relation (IO relation) is a prerequisite for the design of meaningful interaction. A meaningful IO relation allows the user to know what to do with a system to achieve a certain goal and to evaluate the outcome. The work discussed in this article followed a design research process in which four concepts were developed and prototyped. An evaluation was performed using these prototypes to investigate the effect of highly different IO relations on the user?s understanding of the interaction. The evaluation revealed two types of IO relations differing in functionality and the number of mappings between the user and system actions. These two types of relations are described by two IO models that provide an overview of these mappings. Furthermore, they illustrate the role of the user and the influence of the system in the process of understanding the interaction. The analysis of the two types of IO models illustrates the value of understanding IO relations for the design of smart tangible objects.	en_US
dc.publisher	ACM	en_US
dc.relation.ispartof	ACM Transactions on Interactive Intelligent Systems (TiiS)	en_US
dc.relation.ispartof	Verified OK	en_US
dc.relation.isbasedon	10.1145/2499474.2499478	en_US
dc.rights	© ACM 2013. This is the author's version of the work. It is posted here by permission of ACM for your personal use. Not for redistribution. The definitive version was published in Van De Garde-Perik, Evelien et al. 2013, 'An Analysis of Input-Output Relations in Interaction with Smart Tangible Objects', ACM Transactions on Interactive Intelligent Systems (TiiS), vol. 3, no. 2, pp. 9-1-9-20. http://doi.acm.org/10.1145/2499474.2499478	en_US
dc.subject	Categories and Subject Descriptors: H.5 [Information Interfaces and Presentation (e.g. HCI)]: 5.2 User Interfaces?Evaluation/methodology, Haptic I/O, Interaction styles, Prototyping, Theory and methods, User-centered design General Terms: Design, Human Factors Additional Key Words and Phrases: Tangible interaction, meaning, model, input-output relation, design research, human-computer interaction	en_US
dc.subject.classification	Digital and Interaction Design	en_US
dc.title	An Analysis of Input-Output Relations in Interaction with Smart Tangible Objects	en_US
dc.type	Journal article
utslib.citation.volume	3	en_US
utslib.citation.number	2	en_US
utslib.location	New York, NY, USA	en_US
utslib.citation.startpage	9-1	en_US
utslib.citation.endpage	9-20	en_US
utslib.identifier.org	DAB.School of Design	en_US
utslib.for	120304	en_US
utslib.percentage	100	en_US
utslib.copyright.status	closed_access

Abstract:

This article focuses on the conceptual relation between the user?s input and a system?s output in interaction with smart tangible objects. Understanding this input-output relation (IO relation) is a prerequisite for the design of meaningful interaction. A meaningful IO relation allows the user to know what to do with a system to achieve a certain goal and to evaluate the outcome. The work discussed in this article followed a design research process in which four concepts were developed and prototyped. An evaluation was performed using these prototypes to investigate the effect of highly different IO relations on the user?s understanding of the interaction. The evaluation revealed two types of IO relations differing in functionality and the number of mappings between the user and system actions. These two types of relations are described by two IO models that provide an overview of these mappings. Furthermore, they illustrate the role of the user and the influence of the system in the process of understanding the interaction. The analysis of the two types of IO models illustrates the value of understanding IO relations for the design of smart tangible objects.

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http://hdl.handle.net/10453/26547