Fertilizer-drawn forward osmosis for irrigation of tomatoes

Majeed, T; Sahebi, S; Lotfi, F; Kim, JE; Phuntsho, S; Tijing, LD; Shon, HK

Fertilizer-drawn forward osmosis for irrigation of tomatoes

Majeed, T Sahebi, S Lotfi, F Kim, JE Phuntsho, S Tijing, LD Shon, HK

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Publisher:: Taylor and Francis Inc.
Publication Type:: Journal Article
Citation:: Desalination and Water Treatment, 2015, 53 (10), pp. 2746 - 2759
Issue Date:: 2015-03-06

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Field	Value	Language
dc.contributor.author	Majeed, T
dc.contributor.author	Sahebi, S
dc.contributor.author	Lotfi, F
dc.contributor.author	Kim, JE
dc.contributor.author	Phuntsho, S
dc.contributor.author	Tijing, LD
dc.contributor.author	Shon, HK
dc.date.accessioned	2015-07-07T10:03:58Z
dc.date.available	2015-07-07T10:03:58Z
dc.date.issued	2015-03-06
dc.identifier.citation	Desalination and Water Treatment, 2015, 53 (10), pp. 2746 - 2759
dc.identifier.issn	1944-3994
dc.identifier.uri	http://hdl.handle.net/10453/36355
dc.description.abstract	Fertilizer-drawn forward osmosis is a low-energy desalination concept particularly developed for the irrigation use of desalinated water. It has an advantage of not requiring regeneration of the draw solution (DS), thus, it can be used directly for the purpose of irrigation without any additional treatment. The current study was aimed to evaluate the real application of forward osmosis (FO) targeting irrigation of tomato crops based from their fertilizer requirements. Fertilizer-DSs were prepared to drive seawater desalination using commercially available fertilizers such as NH4NO3, NH4Cl, KNO3, KCl, NH4H2PO4, and urea. DSs were prepared to represent varying nitrogen:phosphorous:potassium (N:P:K) ratios used in assorted tomato growth stages. The FO performance evaluated in terms of the flux and reverse solute flux (RSF) showed significant variations in outcome. The resultant flux for different DSs was influenced by the particular fertilizer present in DS mixture and its concentration. This flux varied from 2.50 to 12.49 LMH. Comparatively, DS carrying high osmotic pressure components showed high-flux outcome. The fraction Jw/∆π of these fertilizer-DSs varied from 0.062 to 0.19 LMH/bar, which indicates a changing flux outcome against the same osmotic pressure. To select the best performing fertilizer-DS, nitrogen source fertilizers like urea, NH4NO3, and NH4Cl were further evaluated for 10-0-10 NPK value. It was found that NH4Cl-based DS mixtures performed better than urea- and NH4NO3-based DS. The RSF results indicated that all nitrogen- and potassium-based DS exhibited higher N- and K-RSF. However, the DS using NH4H2PO4 delivered extremely low P-RSF of 12.35 g/m2/h. Long-term run tests with seawater quality feed solution resulted in FO producing a final DS enriched in nutrients greater than the tomato plant’s requirement. This implies that the use of dilution or any other technique to reduce excessive nutrients is essential before using the final DS for tomato irrigation.
dc.language	eng
dc.publisher	Taylor and Francis Inc.
dc.relation.ispartof	Desalination and Water Treatment
dc.relation.isbasedon	10.1080/19443994.2014.931524
dc.rights	This is an electronic version of an article published inDesalination and Water Treatment Volume 53, Issue 10, 2015. Desalination and Water Treatment is available online at: www.tandfonline.com with the open URL of your article http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/19443994.2014.931524
dc.rights	This is an Accepted Manuscript of an article published by Taylor & Francis in Desalination and Water Treatment, 2015, 53 (10), pp. 2746 - 2759, available online: https://dx.doi.org/10.1080/19443994.2014.931524.	en_US
dc.subject	Fertigation of tomato
dc.subject	Fertilizer-draw solution
dc.subject	Forward osmosis desalination
dc.subject	NPK crop nutrients
dc.subject	Seawater feed
dc.title	Fertilizer-drawn forward osmosis for irrigation of tomatoes
dc.type	Journal article
utslib.citation.volume	10
utslib.citation.volume	53
pubs.embargo.period	Not known
pubs.organisational-group	/University of Technology Sydney
pubs.organisational-group	/University of Technology Sydney/Faculty of Engineering and Information Technology
pubs.organisational-group	/University of Technology Sydney/Faculty of Engineering and Information Technology/School of Civil and Environmental Engineering
pubs.organisational-group	/University of Technology Sydney/Strength - Technology in Wastewater Treatment
utslib.copyright.status	open_access
pubs.declined	1970-01-01T00:00:00.0+1000
pubs.deleted	1970-01-01T00:00:00.0+1000

Abstract:

Fertilizer-drawn forward osmosis is a low-energy desalination concept particularly developed for the irrigation use of desalinated water. It has an advantage of not requiring regeneration of the draw solution (DS), thus, it can be used directly for the purpose of irrigation without any additional treatment. The current study was aimed to evaluate the real application of forward osmosis (FO) targeting irrigation of tomato crops based from their fertilizer requirements. Fertilizer-DSs were prepared to drive seawater desalination using commercially available fertilizers such as NH4NO3, NH4Cl, KNO3, KCl, NH4H2PO4, and urea. DSs were prepared to represent varying nitrogen:phosphorous:potassium (N:P:K) ratios used in assorted tomato growth stages. The FO performance evaluated in terms of the flux and reverse solute flux (RSF) showed significant variations in outcome. The resultant flux for different DSs was influenced by the particular fertilizer present in DS mixture and its concentration. This flux varied from 2.50 to 12.49 LMH. Comparatively, DS carrying high osmotic pressure components showed high-flux outcome. The fraction Jw/∆π of these fertilizer-DSs varied from 0.062 to 0.19 LMH/bar, which indicates a changing flux outcome against the same osmotic pressure. To select the best performing fertilizer-DS, nitrogen source fertilizers like urea, NH4NO3, and NH4Cl were further evaluated for 10-0-10 NPK value. It was found that NH4Cl-based DS mixtures performed better than urea- and NH4NO3-based DS. The RSF results indicated that all nitrogen- and potassium-based DS exhibited higher N- and K-RSF. However, the DS using NH4H2PO4 delivered extremely low P-RSF of 12.35 g/m2/h. Long-term run tests with seawater quality feed solution resulted in FO producing a final DS enriched in nutrients greater than the tomato plant’s requirement. This implies that the use of dilution or any other technique to reduce excessive nutrients is essential before using the final DS for tomato irrigation.

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