Enhanced removal of nitrate from water using amine-grafted agricultural wastes

Kalaruban, M; Loganathan, P; Shim, WG; Kandasamy, J; Ngo, HH; Vigneswaran, S

Enhanced removal of nitrate from water using amine-grafted agricultural wastes

Kalaruban, M Loganathan, P Shim, WG Kandasamy, J Ngo, HH

Vigneswaran, S

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Publication Type:: Journal Article
Citation:: Science of the Total Environment, 2016, 565 pp. 503 - 510
Issue Date:: 2016-09-15

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Field	Value	Language
dc.contributor.author	Kalaruban, M	en_US
dc.contributor.author	Loganathan, P	en_US
dc.contributor.author	Shim, WG	en_US
dc.contributor.author	Kandasamy, J	en_US
dc.contributor.author	Ngo, HH https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0296-2866	en_US
dc.contributor.author	Vigneswaran, S https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8117-4322	en_US
dc.date.available	2020-05-25T19:10:12Z
dc.date.issued	2016-09-15	en_US
dc.identifier.citation	Science of the Total Environment, 2016, 565 pp. 503 - 510	en_US
dc.identifier.issn	0048-9697	en_US
dc.identifier.uri	http://hdl.handle.net/10453/61388
dc.description.abstract	© 2016 Elsevier B.V. Adsorption using low-cost adsorbents is a favourable water treatment method for the removal of water contaminants. In this study the enhanced removal of nitrate, a contaminant at elevated concentration affecting human health and causing eutrophication of water, was tested using chemically modified agricultural wastes as adsorbents. Batch and fixed-bed adsorption studies were performed on corn cob and coconut copra that were surface modified by amine-grafting to increase the surface positive charges. The Langmuir nitrate adsorption capacities (mg N/g) were 49.9 and 59.0 for the amine-grafted (AG) corn cob and coconut copra, respectively at pH 6.5 and ionic strength 1 × 10-3 M NaCl. These values are higher than those of many commercially available anion exchange resins. Fixed-bed (15-cm height) adsorption capacities (mg N/g) calculated from the breakthrough curves were 15.3 and 18.6 for AG corn cob and AG coconut copra, respectively, for an influent nitrate concentration 20 mg N/L at a flow velocity 5 m/h. Nitrate adsorption decreased in the presence of sulphate, phosphate and chloride, with sulphate being the most competitive anion. The Thomas model fitted well to the fixed-bed adsorption data from four repeated adsorption/desorption cycles. Plug-flow model fitted well to the data from only the first cycle.	en_US
dc.relation.ispartof	Science of the Total Environment	en_US
dc.relation.isbasedon	10.1016/j.scitotenv.2016.04.194	en_US
dc.subject.classification	Environmental Sciences	en_US
dc.subject.mesh	Zea mays	en_US
dc.subject.mesh	Nitrates	en_US
dc.subject.mesh	Environmental Pollutants	en_US
dc.subject.mesh	Waste Management	en_US
dc.subject.mesh	Water Purification	en_US
dc.subject.mesh	Adsorption	en_US
dc.subject.mesh	Agriculture	en_US
dc.subject.mesh	Water Quality	en_US
dc.title	Enhanced removal of nitrate from water using amine-grafted agricultural wastes	en_US
dc.type	Journal Article
utslib.citation.volume	565	en_US
utslib.for	090404 Membrane and Separation Technologies	en_US
pubs.embargo.period	Not known	en_US
pubs.organisational-group	/University of Technology Sydney
pubs.organisational-group	/University of Technology Sydney/Faculty of Engineering and Information Technology
pubs.organisational-group	/University of Technology Sydney/Faculty of Engineering and Information Technology/School of Civil and Environmental Engineering
pubs.organisational-group	/University of Technology Sydney/Strength - CTWW - Centre for Technology in Water and Wastewater Treatment
pubs.organisational-group	/University of Technology Sydney/Students
utslib.copyright.status	open_access
pubs.publication-status	Published	en_US
pubs.volume	565	en_US

Abstract:

© 2016 Elsevier B.V. Adsorption using low-cost adsorbents is a favourable water treatment method for the removal of water contaminants. In this study the enhanced removal of nitrate, a contaminant at elevated concentration affecting human health and causing eutrophication of water, was tested using chemically modified agricultural wastes as adsorbents. Batch and fixed-bed adsorption studies were performed on corn cob and coconut copra that were surface modified by amine-grafting to increase the surface positive charges. The Langmuir nitrate adsorption capacities (mg N/g) were 49.9 and 59.0 for the amine-grafted (AG) corn cob and coconut copra, respectively at pH 6.5 and ionic strength 1 × 10-3 M NaCl. These values are higher than those of many commercially available anion exchange resins. Fixed-bed (15-cm height) adsorption capacities (mg N/g) calculated from the breakthrough curves were 15.3 and 18.6 for AG corn cob and AG coconut copra, respectively, for an influent nitrate concentration 20 mg N/L at a flow velocity 5 m/h. Nitrate adsorption decreased in the presence of sulphate, phosphate and chloride, with sulphate being the most competitive anion. The Thomas model fitted well to the fixed-bed adsorption data from four repeated adsorption/desorption cycles. Plug-flow model fitted well to the data from only the first cycle.

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http://hdl.handle.net/10453/61388