Temperate Performance Benefits after Heat, but Not Combined Heat and Hypoxic Training

McCleave, EL; Slattery, KM; Duffield, R; Saunders, PU; Sharma, AP; Crowcroft, SJ; Coutts, AJ

Temperate Performance Benefits after Heat, but Not Combined Heat and Hypoxic Training

McCleave, EL Slattery, KM Duffield, R

Saunders, PU Sharma, AP Crowcroft, SJ Coutts, AJ

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Publication Type:: Journal Article
Citation:: Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise, 2017, 49 (3), pp. 509 - 517
Issue Date:: 2017-03-01

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Field	Value	Language
dc.contributor.author	McCleave, EL	en_US
dc.contributor.author	Slattery, KM	en_US
dc.contributor.author	Duffield, R https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5641-1314	en_US
dc.contributor.author	Saunders, PU	en_US
dc.contributor.author	Sharma, AP	en_US
dc.contributor.author	Crowcroft, SJ	en_US
dc.contributor.author	Coutts, AJ https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1782-7691	en_US
dc.date.available	2020-05-25T19:15:25Z
dc.date.issued	2017-03-01	en_US
dc.identifier.citation	Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise, 2017, 49 (3), pp. 509 - 517	en_US
dc.identifier.issn	0195-9131	en_US
dc.identifier.uri	http://hdl.handle.net/10453/114767
dc.description.abstract	© Copyright 2017 by the American College of Sports Medicine. Purpose Independent heat and hypoxic exposure can enhance temperate endurance performance in trained athletes, although their combined effects remain unknown. This study examined whether the addition of heat interval training during "live high, train low" (LHTL) hypoxic exposure would result in enhanced performance and physiological adaptations as compared with heat or temperate training. Methods Twenty-six well-trained runners completed 3 wk of interval training assigned to one of three conditions: 1) LHTL hypoxic exposure plus heat training (H + H; 3000 m for 13 h·d -1, train at 33°C, 60% relative humidity [RH]), 2) heat training with no hypoxic exposure (HOT, live at <600 m and train at 33°C, 60% RH), or 3) temperate training with no hypoxic exposure (CONT; live at <600 m and train at 14°C, 55% RH). Performance 3-km time-trials (3-km TT), running economy, hemoglobin mass, and plasma volume were assessed using magnitude-based inferences statistical approach before (Baseline), after (Post), and 3 wk (3wkP) after exposure. Results Compared with Baseline, 3-km TT performance was likely increased in HOT at 3wkP (-3.3% ± 1.3%; mean ± 90% confidence interval), with no performance improvement in either H + H or CONT. Hemoglobin mass increased by 3.8% ± 1.8% at Post in H + H only. Plasma volume in HOT was possibly elevated above H + H and CONT at Post but not at 3wkP. Correlations between changes in 3-km TT performance and physiological adaptations were unclear. Conclusion Incorporating heat-based training into a 3-wk training block can improve temperate performance at 3 wk after exposure, with athlete psychology, physiology, and environmental dose all important considerations. Despite hematological adaptations, the addition of LHTL to heat interval training has no greater 3-km TT performance benefit than temperate training alone.	en_US
dc.relation.ispartof	Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise	en_US
dc.relation.isbasedon	10.1249/MSS.0000000000001138	en_US
dc.subject.classification	Sport Sciences	en_US
dc.subject.mesh	Humans	en_US
dc.subject.mesh	Hemoglobinometry	en_US
dc.subject.mesh	Adaptation, Physiological	en_US
dc.subject.mesh	Acclimatization	en_US
dc.subject.mesh	Plasma Volume	en_US
dc.subject.mesh	Running	en_US
dc.subject.mesh	Adult	en_US
dc.subject.mesh	Female	en_US
dc.subject.mesh	Male	en_US
dc.subject.mesh	Athletic Performance	en_US
dc.subject.mesh	Hot Temperature	en_US
dc.subject.mesh	Physical Conditioning, Human	en_US
dc.subject.mesh	Hypoxia	en_US
dc.subject.mesh	High-Intensity Interval Training	en_US
dc.title	Temperate Performance Benefits after Heat, but Not Combined Heat and Hypoxic Training	en_US
dc.type	Journal Article
utslib.citation.volume	3	en_US
utslib.citation.volume	49	en_US
utslib.for	1106 Human Movement and Sports Sciences	en_US
utslib.for	1116 Medical Physiology	en_US
utslib.for	1117 Public Health and Health Services	en_US
pubs.embargo.period	Not known	en_US
pubs.organisational-group	/University of Technology Sydney
pubs.organisational-group	/University of Technology Sydney/Faculty of Health
pubs.organisational-group	/University of Technology Sydney/Faculty of Health/Sports and Exercise Science
pubs.organisational-group	/University of Technology Sydney/Strength - CHSP - Health Services and Practice
pubs.organisational-group	/University of Technology Sydney/Strength - CHT - Health Technologies
pubs.organisational-group	/University of Technology Sydney/Students
utslib.copyright.status	open_access
pubs.issue	3	en_US
pubs.publication-status	Published	en_US
pubs.volume	49	en_US

Abstract:

© Copyright 2017 by the American College of Sports Medicine. Purpose Independent heat and hypoxic exposure can enhance temperate endurance performance in trained athletes, although their combined effects remain unknown. This study examined whether the addition of heat interval training during "live high, train low" (LHTL) hypoxic exposure would result in enhanced performance and physiological adaptations as compared with heat or temperate training. Methods Twenty-six well-trained runners completed 3 wk of interval training assigned to one of three conditions: 1) LHTL hypoxic exposure plus heat training (H + H; 3000 m for 13 h·d -1, train at 33°C, 60% relative humidity [RH]), 2) heat training with no hypoxic exposure (HOT, live at <600 m and train at 33°C, 60% RH), or 3) temperate training with no hypoxic exposure (CONT; live at <600 m and train at 14°C, 55% RH). Performance 3-km time-trials (3-km TT), running economy, hemoglobin mass, and plasma volume were assessed using magnitude-based inferences statistical approach before (Baseline), after (Post), and 3 wk (3wkP) after exposure. Results Compared with Baseline, 3-km TT performance was likely increased in HOT at 3wkP (-3.3% ± 1.3%; mean ± 90% confidence interval), with no performance improvement in either H + H or CONT. Hemoglobin mass increased by 3.8% ± 1.8% at Post in H + H only. Plasma volume in HOT was possibly elevated above H + H and CONT at Post but not at 3wkP. Correlations between changes in 3-km TT performance and physiological adaptations were unclear. Conclusion Incorporating heat-based training into a 3-wk training block can improve temperate performance at 3 wk after exposure, with athlete psychology, physiology, and environmental dose all important considerations. Despite hematological adaptations, the addition of LHTL to heat interval training has no greater 3-km TT performance benefit than temperate training alone.

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http://hdl.handle.net/10453/114767