Neural cell responses to wear debris from metal-on-metal total disc replacements

Lee, H; Phillips, JB; Hall, RM; Tipper, JL

Neural cell responses to wear debris from metal-on-metal total disc replacements

Lee, H Phillips, JB Hall, RM Tipper, JL

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Publication Type:: Journal Article
Citation:: European Spine Journal, 2019
Issue Date:: 2019-01-01

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Field	Value	Language
dc.contributor.author	Lee, H	en_US
dc.contributor.author	Phillips, JB	en_US
dc.contributor.author	Hall, RM	en_US
dc.contributor.author	Tipper, JL https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8719-0323	en_US
dc.date.available	2019-10-05	en_US
dc.date.issued	2019-01-01	en_US
dc.identifier.citation	European Spine Journal, 2019	en_US
dc.identifier.issn	0940-6719	en_US
dc.identifier.uri	http://hdl.handle.net/10453/138306
dc.description.abstract	© 2019, The Author(s). Abstract: Total disc replacements, comprising all-metal articulations, are compromised by wear and particle production. Metallic wear debris and ions trigger a range of biological responses including inflammation, genotoxicity, cytotoxicity, hypersensitivity and pseudotumour formation, therefore we hypothesise that, due to proximity to the spinal cord, glial cells may be adversely affected. Methods: Clinically relevant cobalt chrome (CoCr) and stainless steel (SS) wear particles were generated using a six-station pin-on-plate wear simulator. The effects of metallic particles (0.5–50 μm3 debris per cell) and metal ions on glial cell viability, cellular activity (glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) expression) and DNA integrity were investigated in 2D and 3D culture using live/dead, immunocytochemistry and a comet assay, respectively. Results: CoCr wear particles and ions caused significant reductions in glial cell viability in both 2D and 3D culture systems. Stainless steel particles did not affect glial cell viability or astrocyte activation. In contrast, ions released from SS caused significant reductions in glial cell viability, an effect that was especially noticeable when astrocytes were cultured in isolation without microglia. DNA damage was observed in both cell types and with both biomaterials tested. CoCr wear particles had a dose-dependent effect on astrocyte activation, measured through expression of GFAP. Conclusions: The results from this study suggest that microglia influence the effects that metal particles have on astrocytes, that SS ions and particles play a role in the adverse effects observed and that SS is a less toxic biomaterial than CoCr alloy for use in spinal devices. Graphic abstract: These slides can be retrieved under Electronic Supplementary Material.[Figure not available: see fulltext.].	en_US
dc.relation.ispartof	European Spine Journal	en_US
dc.relation.isbasedon	10.1007/s00586-019-06177-w	en_US
dc.rights	info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
dc.subject.classification	Orthopedics	en_US
dc.title	Neural cell responses to wear debris from metal-on-metal total disc replacements	en_US
dc.type	Journal Article
utslib.for	0903 Biomedical Engineering	en_US
utslib.for	1103 Clinical Sciences	en_US
pubs.embargo.period	Not known	en_US
pubs.organisational-group	/University of Technology Sydney
pubs.organisational-group	/University of Technology Sydney/Faculty of Engineering and Information Technology
pubs.organisational-group	/University of Technology Sydney/Faculty of Engineering and Information Technology/School of Biomedical Engineering
pubs.organisational-group	/University of Technology Sydney/Strength - CHT - Health Technologies
utslib.copyright.status	open_access	*
pubs.publication-status	Published	en_US

Abstract:

© 2019, The Author(s). Abstract: Total disc replacements, comprising all-metal articulations, are compromised by wear and particle production. Metallic wear debris and ions trigger a range of biological responses including inflammation, genotoxicity, cytotoxicity, hypersensitivity and pseudotumour formation, therefore we hypothesise that, due to proximity to the spinal cord, glial cells may be adversely affected. Methods: Clinically relevant cobalt chrome (CoCr) and stainless steel (SS) wear particles were generated using a six-station pin-on-plate wear simulator. The effects of metallic particles (0.5–50 μm3 debris per cell) and metal ions on glial cell viability, cellular activity (glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) expression) and DNA integrity were investigated in 2D and 3D culture using live/dead, immunocytochemistry and a comet assay, respectively. Results: CoCr wear particles and ions caused significant reductions in glial cell viability in both 2D and 3D culture systems. Stainless steel particles did not affect glial cell viability or astrocyte activation. In contrast, ions released from SS caused significant reductions in glial cell viability, an effect that was especially noticeable when astrocytes were cultured in isolation without microglia. DNA damage was observed in both cell types and with both biomaterials tested. CoCr wear particles had a dose-dependent effect on astrocyte activation, measured through expression of GFAP. Conclusions: The results from this study suggest that microglia influence the effects that metal particles have on astrocytes, that SS ions and particles play a role in the adverse effects observed and that SS is a less toxic biomaterial than CoCr alloy for use in spinal devices. Graphic abstract: These slides can be retrieved under Electronic Supplementary Material.[Figure not available: see fulltext.].

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http://hdl.handle.net/10453/138306