Development and inclusion of an entrustable professional activity (EPA) scale in a simulation-based medicine dispensing assessment

Croft, H; Gilligan, C; Rasiah, R; Levett-Jones, T; Schneider, J

Development and inclusion of an entrustable professional activity (EPA) scale in a simulation-based medicine dispensing assessment

Croft, H Gilligan, C Rasiah, R Levett-Jones, T

Schneider, J

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Publisher:: Elsevier BV
Publication Type:: Journal Article
Citation:: Currents in Pharmacy Teaching and Learning, 2020, 12, (2), pp. 203-212
Issue Date:: 2020

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Field	Value	Language
dc.contributor.author	Croft, H
dc.contributor.author	Gilligan, C
dc.contributor.author	Rasiah, R
dc.contributor.author	Levett-Jones, T https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4279-8957
dc.contributor.author	Schneider, J
dc.date.accessioned	2020-08-10T06:15:11Z
dc.date.available	2019-11-09
dc.date.available	2020-08-10T06:15:11Z
dc.date.issued	2020
dc.identifier.citation	Currents in Pharmacy Teaching and Learning, 2020, 12, (2), pp. 203-212
dc.identifier.issn	1877-1297
dc.identifier.issn	1877-1300
dc.identifier.uri	http://hdl.handle.net/10453/142048
dc.description.abstract	© 2019 Elsevier Inc. Background and purpose: Effective, safe, and patient-centred dispensing is a core task of community pharmacists. Entrustable professional activities (EPAs) offer a way of defining and assessing these daily practice activities. Although EPAs have become popular within competency-based medical education programs, their use is new to pharmacy education and assessment. Educational activity and setting: A simulation-based assessment framework containing a scale of entrustment was developed to evaluate the readiness of Year 4 undergraduate pharmacy students to safely manage the supply of prescribed medicine(s) in a community pharmacy. The assessment framework was piloted in a fourth year “Transition to Practice” course with 28 simulation-based assessments conducted. Findings: An entrustment framework was developed and implemented successfully with Year 4 undergraduate pharmacy students. The EPA for medicine dispensing integrates competency domains that include information gathering, providing patient-centred care, clinical reasoning, medicine dispensing, and professional communications. On a scale ranging from level 1 to level 5, the majority (73%) of entrustment ratings were level 2 or level 3; and of the students who achieved different ratings between clinical scenarios, 75% of students improved on their second simulation attempt. There was a strong correlation between the global EPA ratings with the total score achieved across the domains. Using simulation-based assessment, entrustment decision making can be incorporated in “entry to profession” undergraduate and postgraduate pharmacy courses to assess students' readiness to transition between learning and professional practice.
dc.format	Print-Electronic
dc.language	eng
dc.publisher	Elsevier BV
dc.relation.ispartof	Currents in Pharmacy Teaching and Learning
dc.relation.isbasedon	10.1016/j.cptl.2019.11.015
dc.rights	info:eu-repo/semantics/closedAccess
dc.subject	1302 Curriculum and Pedagogy
dc.title	Development and inclusion of an entrustable professional activity (EPA) scale in a simulation-based medicine dispensing assessment
dc.type	Journal Article
utslib.citation.volume	12
utslib.location.activity	United States
utslib.for	1302 Curriculum and Pedagogy
pubs.organisational-group	/University of Technology Sydney/Faculty of Health
pubs.organisational-group	/University of Technology Sydney
utslib.copyright.status	closed_access	*
pubs.consider-herdc	true
dc.date.updated	2020-08-10T06:14:59Z
pubs.issue	2
pubs.publication-status	Published
pubs.volume	12
utslib.citation.issue	2

Abstract:

© 2019 Elsevier Inc. Background and purpose: Effective, safe, and patient-centred dispensing is a core task of community pharmacists. Entrustable professional activities (EPAs) offer a way of defining and assessing these daily practice activities. Although EPAs have become popular within competency-based medical education programs, their use is new to pharmacy education and assessment. Educational activity and setting: A simulation-based assessment framework containing a scale of entrustment was developed to evaluate the readiness of Year 4 undergraduate pharmacy students to safely manage the supply of prescribed medicine(s) in a community pharmacy. The assessment framework was piloted in a fourth year “Transition to Practice” course with 28 simulation-based assessments conducted. Findings: An entrustment framework was developed and implemented successfully with Year 4 undergraduate pharmacy students. The EPA for medicine dispensing integrates competency domains that include information gathering, providing patient-centred care, clinical reasoning, medicine dispensing, and professional communications. On a scale ranging from level 1 to level 5, the majority (73%) of entrustment ratings were level 2 or level 3; and of the students who achieved different ratings between clinical scenarios, 75% of students improved on their second simulation attempt. There was a strong correlation between the global EPA ratings with the total score achieved across the domains. Using simulation-based assessment, entrustment decision making can be incorporated in “entry to profession” undergraduate and postgraduate pharmacy courses to assess students' readiness to transition between learning and professional practice.

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http://hdl.handle.net/10453/142048