Prevalence of smoking and smoking predictors among adolescents in Qassim, Saudi Arabia: does the Healthy City Programme make any difference?

Alasqah, I; Mahmud, I; East, L; Usher, K

Prevalence of smoking and smoking predictors among adolescents in Qassim, Saudi Arabia: does the Healthy City Programme make any difference?

Alasqah, I Mahmud, I East, L Usher, K

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Publisher:: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Publication Type:: Journal Article
Citation:: Journal of Public Health (Germany), 2021, pp. 1-8
Issue Date:: 2021-01-01

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Field	Value	Language
dc.contributor.author	Alasqah, I
dc.contributor.author	Mahmud, I
dc.contributor.author	East, L
dc.contributor.author	Usher, K https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9686-5003
dc.date.accessioned	2021-12-13T05:28:28Z
dc.date.available	2021-12-13T05:28:28Z
dc.date.issued	2021-01-01
dc.identifier.citation	Journal of Public Health (Germany), 2021, pp. 1-8
dc.identifier.issn	2198-1833
dc.identifier.issn	1613-2238
dc.identifier.uri	http://hdl.handle.net/10453/152289
dc.description.abstract	Aim: We compared the prevalence of smoking and smoking predictors among adolescents between cities running a Healthy City Programme (HCP cities) and cities not running such a programme (NHCP cities) in the Qassim region of Saudi Arabia. Subject and methods: Using multi-stage cluster sampling with probability proportionate to size, we surveyed 364 school-going adolescents from three HCP cities and 769 school-going adolescents from three NHCP cities in the Qassim region, Saudi Arabia, between April and September 2017. Results: The overall prevalence of smoking among school-going adolescents in the Qassim region was 5.2% (95% confidence interval [CI]: 3.9–6.5). Smoking prevalence among adolescents in the HCP cities was 8.8% (5.9–11.7), while in the NHCP cities, it was 3.5% (2.2–4.8). The prevalence of at least one smoker among close friends in HCP and NHCP cities was 67.3% (62.5–72.1) and 72.2% (69.0–75.3), respectively. The prevalence of at least one smoker in the family of the adolescents in HCP and NHCP cities was 58% (52.9–63.1) and 44.3% (40.8–47.9), respectively. Among the socio-demographic variables, smoking was significantly associated with gender, age, and academic performance. Overall, the prevalence of smoking among adolescents was significantly higher in HCP cities than in NHCP cities (odds ratio: 3.03; 95% CI: 1.7–5.4). Conclusion: The prevalence of smoking and key smoking risk factors were found to be higher in cities implementing the HCP, despite exposure to anti-smoking campaigns being higher. Given these findings, we recommend further in-depth evaluation of the programme.
dc.language	en
dc.publisher	Springer Science and Business Media LLC
dc.relation.ispartof	Journal of Public Health (Germany)
dc.relation.isbasedon	10.1007/s10389-020-01449-y
dc.rights	info:eu-repo/semantics/closedAccess
dc.subject	1117 Public Health and Health Services
dc.subject.classification	Public Health
dc.title	Prevalence of smoking and smoking predictors among adolescents in Qassim, Saudi Arabia: does the Healthy City Programme make any difference?
dc.type	Journal Article
utslib.for	1117 Public Health and Health Services
pubs.organisational-group	/University of Technology Sydney
pubs.organisational-group	/University of Technology Sydney/Faculty of Health
utslib.copyright.status	closed_access	*
dc.date.updated	2021-12-13T05:28:27Z
pubs.publication-status	Published

Abstract:

Aim: We compared the prevalence of smoking and smoking predictors among adolescents between cities running a Healthy City Programme (HCP cities) and cities not running such a programme (NHCP cities) in the Qassim region of Saudi Arabia. Subject and methods: Using multi-stage cluster sampling with probability proportionate to size, we surveyed 364 school-going adolescents from three HCP cities and 769 school-going adolescents from three NHCP cities in the Qassim region, Saudi Arabia, between April and September 2017. Results: The overall prevalence of smoking among school-going adolescents in the Qassim region was 5.2% (95% confidence interval [CI]: 3.9–6.5). Smoking prevalence among adolescents in the HCP cities was 8.8% (5.9–11.7), while in the NHCP cities, it was 3.5% (2.2–4.8). The prevalence of at least one smoker among close friends in HCP and NHCP cities was 67.3% (62.5–72.1) and 72.2% (69.0–75.3), respectively. The prevalence of at least one smoker in the family of the adolescents in HCP and NHCP cities was 58% (52.9–63.1) and 44.3% (40.8–47.9), respectively. Among the socio-demographic variables, smoking was significantly associated with gender, age, and academic performance. Overall, the prevalence of smoking among adolescents was significantly higher in HCP cities than in NHCP cities (odds ratio: 3.03; 95% CI: 1.7–5.4). Conclusion: The prevalence of smoking and key smoking risk factors were found to be higher in cities implementing the HCP, despite exposure to anti-smoking campaigns being higher. Given these findings, we recommend further in-depth evaluation of the programme.

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http://hdl.handle.net/10453/152289