The Individual and Synergistic Indexes for Assessments of Heavy Metal Contamination in Global Rivers and Risk: a Review

Hoang, HG; Lin, C; Chiang, CF; Bui, XT; Lukkhasorn, W; Bui, TPT; Tran, HT; Vo, TDH; Le, VG; Nghiem, LD

The Individual and Synergistic Indexes for Assessments of Heavy Metal Contamination in Global Rivers and Risk: a Review

Hoang, HG Lin, C Chiang, CF Bui, XT Lukkhasorn, W Bui, TPT Tran, HT Vo, TDH Le, VG Nghiem, LD

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Publisher:: SPRINGER HEIDELBERG
Publication Type:: Journal Article
Citation:: Current Pollution Reports, 2021, 7, (3), pp. 247-262
Issue Date:: 2021-09-01

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Field	Value	Language
dc.contributor.author	Hoang, HG
dc.contributor.author	Lin, C
dc.contributor.author	Chiang, CF
dc.contributor.author	Bui, XT
dc.contributor.author	Lukkhasorn, W
dc.contributor.author	Bui, TPT
dc.contributor.author	Tran, HT
dc.contributor.author	Vo, TDH
dc.contributor.author	Le, VG
dc.contributor.author	Nghiem, LD
dc.date.accessioned	2022-06-14T01:56:07Z
dc.date.available	2022-06-14T01:56:07Z
dc.date.issued	2021-09-01
dc.identifier.citation	Current Pollution Reports, 2021, 7, (3), pp. 247-262
dc.identifier.issn	2198-6592
dc.identifier.issn	2198-6592
dc.identifier.uri	http://hdl.handle.net/10453/158149
dc.description.abstract	This article provides an overview of heavy metal contamination in rivers and assessment methods of their contamination and effects. According to literature, rivers with heavy metal contamination in surface water are mainly found in developing countries in Asia, Africa, and Latin America and the Caribbean area, while rivers with heavy metal contamination in sediments are mostly found in Europe. The increase in heavy metal contamination in rivers has led to the adoption of individual and synergistic assessment methods. Individual methods are useful in assessing the contamination and effects for a single heavy metal, while synergistic methods assess the combined contamination and effects of several heavy metals present in surface water and sediments. These two approaches have been commonly used together in recent studies to overcome the limitations of each other and provide a more comprehensive assessment. The developments, equations, advantages, limitations, and future perspectives of these methods are discussed in this review. Calculating indexes are simple, easy-to-implement, and effective methods to provide early alerts for the environmental changes and the adverse impacts on ecosystems and human health. However, calculating indexes still have limitations due to the lack of background concentrations of heavy metals in the study area. Therefore, this issue should be addressed to overcome the limitations of these methods in the future. This review provides a useful reference for future studies on heavy metal contamination in global rivers and the assessment methods for heavy metal contamination and effects.
dc.language	English
dc.publisher	SPRINGER HEIDELBERG
dc.relation.ispartof	Current Pollution Reports
dc.relation.isbasedon	10.1007/s40726-021-00196-2
dc.rights	This is a post-peer-review, pre-copyedit version of an article published in [Current Pollution Reports, 2021, 7, (3), pp. 247-262]. Publication date Published: 01 Sep 2021 ] The final authenticated version is available online at: [ https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s40726-021-00196-2]”
dc.rights	info:eu-repo/semantics/restrictedAccess
dc.title	The Individual and Synergistic Indexes for Assessments of Heavy Metal Contamination in Global Rivers and Risk: a Review
dc.type	Journal Article
utslib.citation.volume	7
pubs.organisational-group	/University of Technology Sydney
pubs.organisational-group	/University of Technology Sydney/Faculty of Engineering and Information Technology
pubs.organisational-group	/University of Technology Sydney/Faculty of Engineering and Information Technology/School of Civil and Environmental Engineering
pubs.organisational-group	/University of Technology Sydney/Strength - CTWW - Centre for Technology in Water and Wastewater Treatment
utslib.copyright.status	in_progress	*
dc.date.updated	2022-06-14T01:56:06Z
pubs.issue	3
pubs.publication-status	Published
pubs.volume	7
utslib.citation.issue	3

Abstract:

This article provides an overview of heavy metal contamination in rivers and assessment methods of their contamination and effects. According to literature, rivers with heavy metal contamination in surface water are mainly found in developing countries in Asia, Africa, and Latin America and the Caribbean area, while rivers with heavy metal contamination in sediments are mostly found in Europe. The increase in heavy metal contamination in rivers has led to the adoption of individual and synergistic assessment methods. Individual methods are useful in assessing the contamination and effects for a single heavy metal, while synergistic methods assess the combined contamination and effects of several heavy metals present in surface water and sediments. These two approaches have been commonly used together in recent studies to overcome the limitations of each other and provide a more comprehensive assessment. The developments, equations, advantages, limitations, and future perspectives of these methods are discussed in this review. Calculating indexes are simple, easy-to-implement, and effective methods to provide early alerts for the environmental changes and the adverse impacts on ecosystems and human health. However, calculating indexes still have limitations due to the lack of background concentrations of heavy metals in the study area. Therefore, this issue should be addressed to overcome the limitations of these methods in the future. This review provides a useful reference for future studies on heavy metal contamination in global rivers and the assessment methods for heavy metal contamination and effects.

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http://hdl.handle.net/10453/158149