Waste to high-value products: The performance and potential of carboxymethylcellulose hydrogels via the circular economy

Kaur, P; Bohidar, HB; Nisbet, DR; Pfeffer, FM; Rifai, A; Williams, R; Agrawal, R

Waste to high-value products: The performance and potential of carboxymethylcellulose hydrogels via the circular economy

Kaur, P Bohidar, HB Nisbet, DR Pfeffer, FM Rifai, A Williams, R Agrawal, R

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Publisher:: Springer Nature
Publication Type:: Journal Article
Citation:: Cellulose, 2023, 30, (5), pp. 2713-2730
Issue Date:: 2023-03-01

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Field	Value	Language
dc.contributor.author	Kaur, P
dc.contributor.author	Bohidar, HB
dc.contributor.author	Nisbet, DR
dc.contributor.author	Pfeffer, FM
dc.contributor.author	Rifai, A
dc.contributor.author	Williams, R
dc.contributor.author	Agrawal, R
dc.date.accessioned	2024-05-06T05:18:58Z
dc.date.available	2024-05-06T05:18:58Z
dc.date.issued	2023-03-01
dc.identifier.citation	Cellulose, 2023, 30, (5), pp. 2713-2730
dc.identifier.issn	0969-0239
dc.identifier.issn	1572-882X
dc.identifier.uri	http://hdl.handle.net/10453/178682
dc.description.abstract	Hydrogels are a class of materials that have found many applications across society. Petrochemicals are a dominant, but unsustainable feedstock of crosslinked polymer networks that underpin functional hydrogels. Therefore an urgent need exists for sustainable biopolymer replacements, where agricultural by products, such as cellulose prove an ideal source of green hydrogels. These polymers are cheap and environmentally friendly, have excellent water absorption capacity and the products are inherently biodegradable and, most importantly for technical applications, can be easily functionalised. For example, 3-D cross linked hydrogel structures can be optimised by modifying the hydroxy groups of the parent structure into ether and ester derivatives that include additional functional groups. In this regard, carboxymethylcellulose (CMC) has emerged as a promising cellulose derivative as it possesses readily available carboxylic groups along the polymer chain. This property both imparts good water solubility and high chemical reactivity making it an ideal candidate for hydrogel synthesis. This review highlights recent developments in both the preparation and application of CMC based hydrogels. We discuss how the various physical and chemical properties of a range of CMC based hydrogels impinge on key parameters such as water absorption, mechanical strength and biodegradability. Finally, we will discuss key applications and the future potential of CMC hydrogels in various fields. Graphical abstract: [Figure not available: see fulltext.]
dc.language	en
dc.publisher	Springer Nature
dc.relation.ispartof	Cellulose
dc.relation.isbasedon	10.1007/s10570-023-05068-0
dc.rights	info:eu-repo/semantics/closedAccess
dc.subject	0303 Macromolecular and Materials Chemistry, 0912 Materials Engineering
dc.subject.classification	Polymers
dc.subject.classification	3403 Macromolecular and materials chemistry
dc.subject.classification	4016 Materials engineering
dc.title	Waste to high-value products: The performance and potential of carboxymethylcellulose hydrogels via the circular economy
dc.type	Journal Article
utslib.citation.volume	30
utslib.for	0303 Macromolecular and Materials Chemistry
utslib.for	0912 Materials Engineering
pubs.organisational-group	University of Technology Sydney
pubs.organisational-group	University of Technology Sydney/Faculty of Engineering and Information Technology
pubs.organisational-group	University of Technology Sydney/Faculty of Engineering and Information Technology/School of Biomedical Engineering
utslib.copyright.status	closed_access	*
dc.date.updated	2024-05-06T05:18:57Z
pubs.issue	5
pubs.publication-status	Published
pubs.volume	30
utslib.citation.issue	5

Abstract:

Hydrogels are a class of materials that have found many applications across society. Petrochemicals are a dominant, but unsustainable feedstock of crosslinked polymer networks that underpin functional hydrogels. Therefore an urgent need exists for sustainable biopolymer replacements, where agricultural by products, such as cellulose prove an ideal source of green hydrogels. These polymers are cheap and environmentally friendly, have excellent water absorption capacity and the products are inherently biodegradable and, most importantly for technical applications, can be easily functionalised. For example, 3-D cross linked hydrogel structures can be optimised by modifying the hydroxy groups of the parent structure into ether and ester derivatives that include additional functional groups. In this regard, carboxymethylcellulose (CMC) has emerged as a promising cellulose derivative as it possesses readily available carboxylic groups along the polymer chain. This property both imparts good water solubility and high chemical reactivity making it an ideal candidate for hydrogel synthesis. This review highlights recent developments in both the preparation and application of CMC based hydrogels. We discuss how the various physical and chemical properties of a range of CMC based hydrogels impinge on key parameters such as water absorption, mechanical strength and biodegradability. Finally, we will discuss key applications and the future potential of CMC hydrogels in various fields. Graphical abstract: [Figure not available: see fulltext.]

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http://hdl.handle.net/10453/178682