3-D Printed Noninterleaved Reflective Metasurfaces Supporting Dual-Band Spin-Decoupled Quadruplex Channel Independent Beam-Shaping With Controllable Energy Distribution

Zhu, J; Yang, Y; Lai, J; Li, M

3-D Printed Noninterleaved Reflective Metasurfaces Supporting Dual-Band Spin-Decoupled Quadruplex Channel Independent Beam-Shaping With Controllable Energy Distribution

Zhu, J Yang, Y

Lai, J

Li, M

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Publisher:: IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC
Publication Type:: Journal Article
Citation:: IEEE Transactions on Microwave Theory and Techniques, 2024, 72, (2), pp. 1196-1205
Issue Date:: 2024-02-01

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Field	Value	Language
dc.contributor.author	Zhu, J
dc.contributor.author	Yang, Y https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7439-2156
dc.contributor.author	Lai, J https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5330-1569
dc.contributor.author	Li, M
dc.date.accessioned	2024-06-19T10:13:36Z
dc.date.available	2024-06-19T10:13:36Z
dc.date.issued	2024-02-01
dc.identifier.citation	IEEE Transactions on Microwave Theory and Techniques, 2024, 72, (2), pp. 1196-1205
dc.identifier.issn	0018-9480
dc.identifier.issn	1557-9670
dc.identifier.uri	http://hdl.handle.net/10453/179577
dc.description.abstract	This article presents 3-D printed noninterleaved reflective metasurfaces (MSs), which support millimeter-wave (mm-wave) dual-band spin-decoupled quadruplex channels with independent beam-shaping. The MS's unit cell (UC) is made of a cross-bar structure mounted on a circular-shaped patch antenna, which connects to short-ended time delay lines (TDLs). Pancharatnam-Berry (P-B) and dynamic phases are used to decouple the two spin states. Specifically, rotating the top cross-bar structure and adjusting its size provides the high-band's P-B and dynamic phases. Rotating the circular patch antenna and adjusting the length of the TDL introduce the P-B phase and dynamic phase for the low band, respectively. In addition, the mutual interference between the dual bands is minimal. The size of the noninterleaved UC is only 4 mm, corresponding to 0.33 and 0.48 free space wavelength of the center frequency for low band (25 GHz) and high band (36 GHz), respectively. For proof of concept, an MS generating orbital angular momentum (OAM) with different topological charges in four channels is fabricated and measured. Furthermore, in addition to the independent wavefront shaping, the energy distribution ratio (EDR) in the reflected co-pol and cross-pol channels can also be independently controlled over dual-band under a circularly polarized incident wave. An MS, which generates near-field focusing with different energy distribution ratios in dual bands, is fabricated and experimentally verified for demonstration. The MS samples are prototyped using a multimaterial 3-D printing technique on a single substrate.
dc.language	English
dc.publisher	IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC
dc.relation	http://purl.org/au-research/grants/arc/LE220100035
dc.relation	http://purl.org/au-research/grants/arc/LP210300004
dc.relation.ispartof	IEEE Transactions on Microwave Theory and Techniques
dc.relation.isbasedon	10.1109/TMTT.2023.3308165
dc.rights	info:eu-repo/semantics/embargoedAccess
dc.subject	0906 Electrical and Electronic Engineering, 1005 Communications Technologies
dc.subject.classification	Networking & Telecommunications
dc.subject.classification	5103 Classical physics
dc.title	3-D Printed Noninterleaved Reflective Metasurfaces Supporting Dual-Band Spin-Decoupled Quadruplex Channel Independent Beam-Shaping With Controllable Energy Distribution
dc.type	Journal Article
utslib.citation.volume	72
utslib.for	0906 Electrical and Electronic Engineering
utslib.for	1005 Communications Technologies
pubs.organisational-group	University of Technology Sydney
pubs.organisational-group	University of Technology Sydney/Faculty of Engineering and Information Technology
pubs.organisational-group	University of Technology Sydney/Faculty of Engineering and Information Technology/School of Electrical and Data Engineering
utslib.copyright.status	open_access	*
utslib.copyright.embargo	2026-02-01T00:00:00+1000Z
dc.date.updated	2024-06-19T10:13:34Z
pubs.issue	2
pubs.publication-status	Published
pubs.volume	72
utslib.citation.issue	2

Abstract:

This article presents 3-D printed noninterleaved reflective metasurfaces (MSs), which support millimeter-wave (mm-wave) dual-band spin-decoupled quadruplex channels with independent beam-shaping. The MS's unit cell (UC) is made of a cross-bar structure mounted on a circular-shaped patch antenna, which connects to short-ended time delay lines (TDLs). Pancharatnam-Berry (P-B) and dynamic phases are used to decouple the two spin states. Specifically, rotating the top cross-bar structure and adjusting its size provides the high-band's P-B and dynamic phases. Rotating the circular patch antenna and adjusting the length of the TDL introduce the P-B phase and dynamic phase for the low band, respectively. In addition, the mutual interference between the dual bands is minimal. The size of the noninterleaved UC is only 4 mm, corresponding to 0.33 and 0.48 free space wavelength of the center frequency for low band (25 GHz) and high band (36 GHz), respectively. For proof of concept, an MS generating orbital angular momentum (OAM) with different topological charges in four channels is fabricated and measured. Furthermore, in addition to the independent wavefront shaping, the energy distribution ratio (EDR) in the reflected co-pol and cross-pol channels can also be independently controlled over dual-band under a circularly polarized incident wave. An MS, which generates near-field focusing with different energy distribution ratios in dual bands, is fabricated and experimentally verified for demonstration. The MS samples are prototyped using a multimaterial 3-D printing technique on a single substrate.

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http://hdl.handle.net/10453/179577