Lipid and Corticosteroid Biomarkers Under the Influence of Bisphosphonates.

Tou, K; Cawley, A; Noble, G; Loy, J; Bishop, D; Keledjian, J; Sornalingam, K; Richards, S; Fu, S

Lipid and Corticosteroid Biomarkers Under the Influence of Bisphosphonates.

Tou, K Cawley, A Noble, G Loy, J Bishop, D

Keledjian, J Sornalingam, K Richards, S Fu, S

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Publisher:: WILEY
Publication Type:: Journal Article
Citation:: Drug Test Anal, 2024
Issue Date:: 2024-10-15

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Field	Value	Language
dc.contributor.author	Tou, K
dc.contributor.author	Cawley, A
dc.contributor.author	Noble, G
dc.contributor.author	Loy, J
dc.contributor.author	Bishop, D https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6533-4410
dc.contributor.author	Keledjian, J
dc.contributor.author	Sornalingam, K
dc.contributor.author	Richards, S
dc.contributor.author	Fu, S https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6238-3612
dc.date.accessioned	2024-12-16T12:03:26Z
dc.date.available	2024-09-05
dc.date.available	2024-12-16T12:03:26Z
dc.date.issued	2024-10-15
dc.identifier.citation	Drug Test Anal, 2024
dc.identifier.issn	1942-7603
dc.identifier.issn	1942-7611
dc.identifier.uri	http://hdl.handle.net/10453/182589
dc.description.abstract	Detecting the use of bisphosphonates (BPs) in equine athletes is of interest to regulators and laboratories due to the threat to welfare issues for the potential to provide analgesic effects and manipulating bone structure. The detection of BPs in biological matrices is challenging due to erratic biological elimination and inconsistent analytical recoveries. Therefore, complementary approaches are needed to provide evidence of their misuse in racehorses. BPs have two sub-classes: nitrogenous and non-nitrogenous. This study investigated plasma elimination following administration of one example from each sub-class, together with changes in endogenous eicosanoid and corticosteroids. Zoledronic acid (ZA) and tiludronic acid (TA) were administered by IV infusion to 8 thoroughbred horses with an 11-month washout period between each administration. Sample preparation for quantification of BPs by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) utilised a two-step solid phase extraction (SPE) consisting of polymeric reversed-phase followed by weak anion exchange prior to derivatisation using trimethyl orthoacetate. Endogenous biomarkers were analysed after protein precipitation and SPE with polymeric reversed-phase prior to liquid chromatography-high resolution mass spectrometry (LC-HRMS) using data independent acquisition. The LC-MS/MS analysis showed ZA was undetectable after 8 h post-administration while TA was detected up to the final collection point of 28 days post-administration. The LC-HRMS analysis utilised targeted (i.e., prior inclusion list of compounds) approaches to monitor level changes of eicosanoid and corticosteroid biomarkers. Putative biomarkers were identified and now subject to validation for translation into routine sample analysis for improved retrospectivity to detecting BP misuse in equine plasma.
dc.format	Print-Electronic
dc.language	eng
dc.publisher	WILEY
dc.relation.ispartof	Drug Test Anal
dc.relation.isbasedon	10.1002/dta.3811
dc.rights	info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
dc.subject	0301 Analytical Chemistry, 0601 Biochemistry and Cell Biology, 1115 Pharmacology and Pharmaceutical Sciences
dc.subject.classification	Analytical Chemistry
dc.subject.classification	3214 Pharmacology and pharmaceutical sciences
dc.title	Lipid and Corticosteroid Biomarkers Under the Influence of Bisphosphonates.
dc.type	Journal Article
utslib.location.activity	England
utslib.for	0301 Analytical Chemistry
utslib.for	0601 Biochemistry and Cell Biology
utslib.for	1115 Pharmacology and Pharmaceutical Sciences
pubs.organisational-group	University of Technology Sydney
pubs.organisational-group	University of Technology Sydney/Faculty of Science
pubs.organisational-group	University of Technology Sydney/Faculty of Science/School of Mathematical and Physical Sciences
pubs.organisational-group	University of Technology Sydney/UTS Groups
pubs.organisational-group	University of Technology Sydney/UTS Groups/Centre for Forensic Science (CFS)
pubs.organisational-group	University of Technology Sydney/UTS Groups/Centre for Clean Energy Technology (CCET)
pubs.organisational-group	University of Technology Sydney/UTS Groups/Centre for Clean Energy Technology (CCET)/Centre for Clean Energy Technology (CCET) Associate Members
utslib.copyright.status	open_access	*
dc.rights.license	This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (CC BY 4.0). To view a copy of this license, visit https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
dc.date.updated	2024-12-16T12:03:25Z
pubs.publication-status	Published online

Abstract:

Detecting the use of bisphosphonates (BPs) in equine athletes is of interest to regulators and laboratories due to the threat to welfare issues for the potential to provide analgesic effects and manipulating bone structure. The detection of BPs in biological matrices is challenging due to erratic biological elimination and inconsistent analytical recoveries. Therefore, complementary approaches are needed to provide evidence of their misuse in racehorses. BPs have two sub-classes: nitrogenous and non-nitrogenous. This study investigated plasma elimination following administration of one example from each sub-class, together with changes in endogenous eicosanoid and corticosteroids. Zoledronic acid (ZA) and tiludronic acid (TA) were administered by IV infusion to 8 thoroughbred horses with an 11-month washout period between each administration. Sample preparation for quantification of BPs by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) utilised a two-step solid phase extraction (SPE) consisting of polymeric reversed-phase followed by weak anion exchange prior to derivatisation using trimethyl orthoacetate. Endogenous biomarkers were analysed after protein precipitation and SPE with polymeric reversed-phase prior to liquid chromatography-high resolution mass spectrometry (LC-HRMS) using data independent acquisition. The LC-MS/MS analysis showed ZA was undetectable after 8 h post-administration while TA was detected up to the final collection point of 28 days post-administration. The LC-HRMS analysis utilised targeted (i.e., prior inclusion list of compounds) approaches to monitor level changes of eicosanoid and corticosteroid biomarkers. Putative biomarkers were identified and now subject to validation for translation into routine sample analysis for improved retrospectivity to detecting BP misuse in equine plasma.

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http://hdl.handle.net/10453/182589