Disparities in Stillbirths in England: Analysis of A Population-Based Study of 1.3 Million Births.

Kayode, G; Thilaganathan, B; Burden, C; Howell, A; Cheng, V; Sandall, J; Viner, M; Brigante, L; Anumba, D; Winter, C; Harlev-Lam, B; Draycott, T; Judge, A; Lenguerrand, E; Tommy's National Centre for Maternity Improvement,

Disparities in Stillbirths in England: Analysis of A Population-Based Study of 1.3 Million Births.

Kayode, G Thilaganathan, B Burden, C Howell, A Cheng, V Sandall, J

Viner, M Brigante, L Anumba, D Winter, C Harlev-Lam, B Draycott, T Judge, A Lenguerrand, E Tommy's National Centre for Maternity Improvement,

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Publisher:: WILEY
Publication Type:: Journal Article
Citation:: BJOG, 2025, 132, (8), pp. 1130-1138
Issue Date:: 2025-07

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Field	Value	Language
dc.contributor.author	Kayode, G
dc.contributor.author	Thilaganathan, B
dc.contributor.author	Burden, C
dc.contributor.author	Howell, A
dc.contributor.author	Cheng, V
dc.contributor.author	Sandall, J https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2000-743X
dc.contributor.author	Viner, M
dc.contributor.author	Brigante, L
dc.contributor.author	Anumba, D
dc.contributor.author	Winter, C
dc.contributor.author	Harlev-Lam, B
dc.contributor.author	Draycott, T
dc.contributor.author	Judge, A
dc.contributor.author	Lenguerrand, E
dc.contributor.author	Tommy's National Centre for Maternity Improvement,
dc.date.accessioned	2025-10-15T04:01:05Z
dc.date.available	2025-03-09
dc.date.available	2025-10-15T04:01:05Z
dc.date.issued	2025-07
dc.identifier.citation	BJOG, 2025, 132, (8), pp. 1130-1138
dc.identifier.issn	1470-0328
dc.identifier.issn	1471-0528
dc.identifier.uri	http://hdl.handle.net/10453/190438
dc.description.abstract	OBJECTIVE: To examine the variation in stillbirth rates between different ethnic and socioeconomic groups within each organisational hospital group (health trust). DESIGN: National registry study. SETTING: All health trusts (HT) in National Health Service England. POPULATION: All mothers and babies born between April 2015 and March 2017. METHODS: This observational study examined ethnic and socioeconomic disparities in stillbirth rates for 1 268 367 births in 133 HTs compared to the national average. OUTCOME: Stillbirth at or after 24 gestational weeks. RESULTS: The average stillbirth rates ranged from 3.4/1000 births for White women up to 7.1/1000 births for Black women. The rates ranged from 2.9/1000 births for women living in the least deprived areas to 4.7/1000 births for those in the most deprived. The proportions of HTs with stillbirth rates well above the national average (more than 2 standard deviations) for White, Asian and Black women were 0.8%, 21.8% and 38.6%, respectively. When HTs were ranked by stillbirth rate, there were notable variations, with some trusts demonstrating lower than average stillbirth rates for White women while concurrently having higher than average stillbirth rates for Asian and/or Black women. There were no units exhibiting lower than national average stillbirth rates for Asian/Black women while concurrently having higher than average stillbirth rates for White women. CONCLUSIONS: These findings suggest that access to and delivery of maternity care vary depending on the mother's ethnicity and level of socioeconomic deprivation. Social factors are likely determinants of inequality in stillbirth rather than maternity care alone.
dc.format	Print-Electronic
dc.language	eng
dc.publisher	WILEY
dc.relation.ispartof	BJOG
dc.relation.isbasedon	10.1111/1471-0528.18147
dc.rights	info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
dc.subject	11 Medical and Health Sciences
dc.subject.classification	Obstetrics & Reproductive Medicine
dc.subject.classification	3215 Reproductive medicine
dc.subject.mesh	Humans
dc.subject.mesh	Stillbirth
dc.subject.mesh	England
dc.subject.mesh	Female
dc.subject.mesh	Pregnancy
dc.subject.mesh	Socioeconomic Factors
dc.subject.mesh	Adult
dc.subject.mesh	White People
dc.subject.mesh	Health Status Disparities
dc.subject.mesh	Registries
dc.subject.mesh	Ethnicity
dc.subject.mesh	Healthcare Disparities
dc.subject.mesh	Infant, Newborn
dc.subject.mesh	State Medicine
dc.subject.mesh	Humans
dc.subject.mesh	Registries
dc.subject.mesh	Pregnancy
dc.subject.mesh	Socioeconomic Factors
dc.subject.mesh	Adult
dc.subject.mesh	Infant, Newborn
dc.subject.mesh	State Medicine
dc.subject.mesh	England
dc.subject.mesh	Female
dc.subject.mesh	Stillbirth
dc.subject.mesh	Health Status Disparities
dc.subject.mesh	Healthcare Disparities
dc.subject.mesh	Ethnicity
dc.subject.mesh	White People
dc.subject.mesh	Humans
dc.subject.mesh	Stillbirth
dc.subject.mesh	England
dc.subject.mesh	Female
dc.subject.mesh	Pregnancy
dc.subject.mesh	Socioeconomic Factors
dc.subject.mesh	Adult
dc.subject.mesh	White People
dc.subject.mesh	Health Status Disparities
dc.subject.mesh	Registries
dc.subject.mesh	Ethnicity
dc.subject.mesh	Healthcare Disparities
dc.subject.mesh	Infant, Newborn
dc.subject.mesh	State Medicine
dc.title	Disparities in Stillbirths in England: Analysis of A Population-Based Study of 1.3 Million Births.
dc.type	Journal Article
utslib.citation.volume	132
utslib.location.activity	England
utslib.for	11 Medical and Health Sciences
pubs.organisational-group	University of Technology Sydney
pubs.organisational-group	University of Technology Sydney/Faculty of Health
utslib.copyright.status	open_access	*
dc.rights.license	This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (CC BY 4.0). To view a copy of this license, visit https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
dc.date.updated	2025-10-15T04:01:03Z
pubs.issue	8
pubs.publication-status	Published
pubs.volume	132
utslib.citation.issue	8

Abstract:

OBJECTIVE: To examine the variation in stillbirth rates between different ethnic and socioeconomic groups within each organisational hospital group (health trust). DESIGN: National registry study. SETTING: All health trusts (HT) in National Health Service England. POPULATION: All mothers and babies born between April 2015 and March 2017. METHODS: This observational study examined ethnic and socioeconomic disparities in stillbirth rates for 1 268 367 births in 133 HTs compared to the national average. OUTCOME: Stillbirth at or after 24 gestational weeks. RESULTS: The average stillbirth rates ranged from 3.4/1000 births for White women up to 7.1/1000 births for Black women. The rates ranged from 2.9/1000 births for women living in the least deprived areas to 4.7/1000 births for those in the most deprived. The proportions of HTs with stillbirth rates well above the national average (more than 2 standard deviations) for White, Asian and Black women were 0.8%, 21.8% and 38.6%, respectively. When HTs were ranked by stillbirth rate, there were notable variations, with some trusts demonstrating lower than average stillbirth rates for White women while concurrently having higher than average stillbirth rates for Asian and/or Black women. There were no units exhibiting lower than national average stillbirth rates for Asian/Black women while concurrently having higher than average stillbirth rates for White women. CONCLUSIONS: These findings suggest that access to and delivery of maternity care vary depending on the mother's ethnicity and level of socioeconomic deprivation. Social factors are likely determinants of inequality in stillbirth rather than maternity care alone.

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http://hdl.handle.net/10453/190438