Development and psychometric test of self-advocacy scale for patients with stroke.

Zhao, Z; Chen, J; Lin, B; Zhang, C; Wang, S; Mei, Y; Qiu, Y; Jiang, H; Wang, X; Zhang, Z

Development and psychometric test of self-advocacy scale for patients with stroke.

Zhao, Z Chen, J Lin, B Zhang, C Wang, S Mei, Y Qiu, Y Jiang, H Wang, X Zhang, Z

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Publisher:: Springer Nature
Publication Type:: Journal Article
Citation:: Sci Rep, 2025, 15, (1), pp. 27247
Issue Date:: 2025-07-26

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Field	Value	Language
dc.contributor.author	Zhao, Z
dc.contributor.author	Chen, J
dc.contributor.author	Lin, B
dc.contributor.author	Zhang, C
dc.contributor.author	Wang, S
dc.contributor.author	Mei, Y
dc.contributor.author	Qiu, Y
dc.contributor.author	Jiang, H
dc.contributor.author	Wang, X
dc.contributor.author	Zhang, Z
dc.date.accessioned	2025-10-15T04:01:42Z
dc.date.available	2025-06-19
dc.date.available	2025-10-15T04:01:42Z
dc.date.issued	2025-07-26
dc.identifier.citation	Sci Rep, 2025, 15, (1), pp. 27247
dc.identifier.issn	2045-2322
dc.identifier.issn	2045-2322
dc.identifier.uri	http://hdl.handle.net/10453/190440
dc.description.abstract	Self-advocacy is essential for self-management in stroke patients. However, a validated scale to assess the level of self-advocacy in this population is lacking. This study aimed to develop a self-advocacy scale for stroke patients and validate its psychometric properties. This cross-sectional study involved instrument development and psychometric testing, conducted in three stages. In stage 1, dimensions and items were generated through concept analysis, semi-structured interviews, and refined through a Delphi survey. Stage 2 focused on content and face validity assessment. Stage 3 evaluated psychometric properties. A total of 565 stroke patients participated in the items selection from August 2024 to November 2024. The self-advocacy scale was assessed through content validity, construct validity, internal consistency, and test-retest reliability. The study adhered to the STROBE checklist for reporting. From an initial 40-item pool, 24 items were retained after expert consultation and item analysis. The scale demonstrated a content validity index of 0.967. Exploratory factor analysis revealed a five-factor structure, explaining 68.285% of the total variance. Confirmatory factor analysis supported this structure with acceptable fit indices. The scale's overall Cronbach's α coefficient was 0.936, with the dimensions' Cronbach's α values ranging from 0.816 to 0.898. Split-half reliability was 0.874, and test-retest reliability was 0.885 (2-week interval). The 24-item self-advocacy scale for stroke patients demonstrated robust psychometric properties, providing a valid tool for clinical and research applications.
dc.format	Electronic
dc.language	eng
dc.publisher	Springer Nature
dc.relation.ispartof	Sci Rep
dc.relation.isbasedon	10.1038/s41598-025-08109-9
dc.rights	info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
dc.subject.mesh	Humans
dc.subject.mesh	Psychometrics
dc.subject.mesh	Male
dc.subject.mesh	Female
dc.subject.mesh	Stroke
dc.subject.mesh	Middle Aged
dc.subject.mesh	Aged
dc.subject.mesh	Cross-Sectional Studies
dc.subject.mesh	Surveys and Questionnaires
dc.subject.mesh	Reproducibility of Results
dc.subject.mesh	Adult
dc.subject.mesh	Self-Management
dc.subject.mesh	Factor Analysis, Statistical
dc.subject.mesh	Aged, 80 and over
dc.subject.mesh	Humans
dc.subject.mesh	Factor Analysis, Statistical
dc.subject.mesh	Cross-Sectional Studies
dc.subject.mesh	Reproducibility of Results
dc.subject.mesh	Psychometrics
dc.subject.mesh	Adult
dc.subject.mesh	Aged
dc.subject.mesh	Aged, 80 and over
dc.subject.mesh	Middle Aged
dc.subject.mesh	Female
dc.subject.mesh	Male
dc.subject.mesh	Stroke
dc.subject.mesh	Surveys and Questionnaires
dc.subject.mesh	Self-Management
dc.subject.mesh	Humans
dc.subject.mesh	Psychometrics
dc.subject.mesh	Male
dc.subject.mesh	Female
dc.subject.mesh	Stroke
dc.subject.mesh	Middle Aged
dc.subject.mesh	Aged
dc.subject.mesh	Cross-Sectional Studies
dc.subject.mesh	Surveys and Questionnaires
dc.subject.mesh	Reproducibility of Results
dc.subject.mesh	Adult
dc.subject.mesh	Self-Management
dc.subject.mesh	Factor Analysis, Statistical
dc.subject.mesh	Aged, 80 and over
dc.title	Development and psychometric test of self-advocacy scale for patients with stroke.
dc.type	Journal Article
utslib.citation.volume	15
utslib.location.activity	England
pubs.organisational-group	University of Technology Sydney
pubs.organisational-group	University of Technology Sydney/Faculty of Health
pubs.organisational-group	University of Technology Sydney/Faculty of Health/School of Nursing and Midwifery
pubs.organisational-group	University of Technology Sydney/UTS Groups
pubs.organisational-group	University of Technology Sydney/UTS Groups/INSIGHT: Institute for Innovative Solutions for Wellbeing and Health
utslib.copyright.status	open_access	*
dc.rights.license	This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License (CC BY-NC-ND 4.0). To view a copy of this license, visit https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/
dc.date.updated	2025-10-15T04:01:39Z
pubs.issue	1
pubs.publication-status	Published online
pubs.volume	15
utslib.citation.issue	1

Abstract:

Self-advocacy is essential for self-management in stroke patients. However, a validated scale to assess the level of self-advocacy in this population is lacking. This study aimed to develop a self-advocacy scale for stroke patients and validate its psychometric properties. This cross-sectional study involved instrument development and psychometric testing, conducted in three stages. In stage 1, dimensions and items were generated through concept analysis, semi-structured interviews, and refined through a Delphi survey. Stage 2 focused on content and face validity assessment. Stage 3 evaluated psychometric properties. A total of 565 stroke patients participated in the items selection from August 2024 to November 2024. The self-advocacy scale was assessed through content validity, construct validity, internal consistency, and test-retest reliability. The study adhered to the STROBE checklist for reporting. From an initial 40-item pool, 24 items were retained after expert consultation and item analysis. The scale demonstrated a content validity index of 0.967. Exploratory factor analysis revealed a five-factor structure, explaining 68.285% of the total variance. Confirmatory factor analysis supported this structure with acceptable fit indices. The scale's overall Cronbach's α coefficient was 0.936, with the dimensions' Cronbach's α values ranging from 0.816 to 0.898. Split-half reliability was 0.874, and test-retest reliability was 0.885 (2-week interval). The 24-item self-advocacy scale for stroke patients demonstrated robust psychometric properties, providing a valid tool for clinical and research applications.

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http://hdl.handle.net/10453/190440